Plastic fillers are widely used in the plastics industry. Plastic fillers are generally powdery and inert to polymers. The purpose of adding plastic fillers during formulation is to improve the molding processability of the plastics and to improve certain special properties of the products, not only to give new properties to the plastics, but also to reduce costs.
1, calcium carbonate
The heavy type is obtained by mechanically pulverizing natural materials such as chalk, shells and limestone, and has a particle diameter of 2 to 10 μm. In recent years, we have used wet method, ball milling, jet milling, etc., to make the particles of heavy calcium carbonate (the same talc powder, etc.) finer (<10μm), similar to the lighter ones, and the plastics are obtained after using calcium carbonate plastic filler. The processing properties and physical and mechanical properties are not greatly reduced.
The lightweight type is obtained by sedimentation after inorganic synthesis, and the particle size is below 0.1 μm.
Its role is used in polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, etc. Improve product heat resistance, hardness, reduce shrinkage, and reduce costs. Acid is easy to decompose, so it should not be used in acid-resistant products. Fine particles are well dispersed in the product, but the specific volume is larger, and appropriate surface treatment should be carried out to make it disperse well in the product.
2. Clay, silicate clay, kaolin (ceramic, china clay), wollastonite
The source is refined from natural materials, calcined and pulverized
It is used for polyvinyl chloride plastic fillers, polyolefin plastic fillers, etc. to improve processing performance, reduce shrinkage, improve product resistance, fire resistance, water resistance and cost reduction. Calcined clay can improve the dielectric properties of products.
3, talcum powder
The source is ground from magnesium silicate into a sheet
The utility model is used for polyvinyl chloride plastic filler, polyolefin plastic filler, etc., to improve product rigidity, dimensional stability, high temperature confucius, chemical corrosion resistance and friction coefficient reduction.
4, asbestos
The source is made of silicate containing magnesium, iron, calcium, sodium, etc.
It is used for polyvinyl chloride plastic fillers, polyolefin plastic fillers, etc. to improve the rigidity, dimensional stability and high temperature con of the products. However, due to its toxicity, the amount of use has decreased in recent years.
5, mica
The source is made of potassium, magnesium, iron and other salts containing aluminosilicate, which are in the form of flakes.
It is used for polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, etc., to improve the heat resistance, dimensional stability and dielectric properties of products, and is widely used in electrical insulation products.
6, carbon black
The source is derived from natural gas, incomplete combustion or thermal cracking of oil. There are many types of contact methods, furnace methods, thermal cracking methods, etc.
Its role is used in polyvinyl chloride plastic fillers, polyolefin plastic fillers, etc. It often has the function of coloring agent and light shielding agent to improve the heat conduction and electrical conductivity of the product.
7, silica (white carbon black)
The source precipitation method has a particle size of 20 to 40 nm, a water content of 10% to 14%, a gas phase particle size of 10 to 25 nm, and a water content of <2%.
Its role is used in polyvinyl chloride plastic fillers, polyolefin plastic fillers, unsaturated polyester plastic fillers, epoxy resin plastic fillers, etc. Improve the dielectric and impact resistance of the product, and can be used as a resin fluidity regulator.
8, calcium sulfate (gypsum), calcium sulfite
Sources are made from natural products or chemical methods
It is used for polyvinyl chloride plastic fillers, acrylic resin plastic fillers, etc., to reduce costs, improve product dimensional stability, wear resistance, and is used in "calcium-plastic" materials.
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