Measures to Prevent Electrical Appliance Fire at Construction Site

First, measures to prevent electrical fires

1. The lighting devices in the storage of flammable gas and flammable materials must use explosion-proof equipment. The wiring, installation of lamps, connection of wires and equipment should meet the requirements of the relevant specifications.

2. It is forbidden to store debris and flammable objects in the distribution box and switch box. Special personnel are responsible for regular cleaning.

3. The fire fighting facilities shall be provided at the construction site. The power supply of the fire pump shall be provided by a special loop for power supply from the general tank, and no leakage protector shall be provided for this loop. When the power supply has a ground fault, a single phase ground alarm device may be provided. The conditional construction site shall have two power supplies, and the power supply line shall be switchable at the end.

4. The construction site shall establish a fire inspection system, strengthen the electrical fire prevention leadership system, and establish electrical fire prevention teams.

5. When the lead wire is laid overhead, the safety clearance must meet the requirements of the specification. When the distribution line adopts the fuse for short circuit protection, the melt rated current must be less than 2.5 times the allowable ampacity of the insulated wire of the cable or the empty pipe, or the insulated wire Allow 1.5 times the carrying capacity. E-education personnel regularly implement safe operating procedures to avoid fires caused by improper operations.

6, electrical operators should seriously implement the specification, the correct connection of the wire, the terminal should be pressed firmly, compaction. All kinds of switch contacts must be firmly crimped. When copper is connected, there must be transition terminals. Multi-strand wires must be soldered with terminals or brush before installation with the equipment to prevent the resistance from causing fire.

7. The fire-resistant rating of the distribution room shall be greater than Grade 3, and the sand box and fire extinguisher shall be equipped in the room. Strictly implement the transformer's operation and inspection system, and perform four power-off sweeps and inspections every quarter according to the quarter.

8. It is forbidden to use the electric stove in the construction site. When using a tungsten-iodine lamp, the distance between the lamp and the flammable material should be greater than 3Ocm. The lamp with a power exceeding 1OOW must not be used in the room. Use of the bedside lamp is strictly forbidden.

9. When using the welding machine, it is necessary to implement the fire permit system, and there is someone to monitor it. There must be no flammable objects around the welding, and fire prevention equipment can be prepared. Welders should be placed in well-ventilated ground.

10. The tall construction sites and the electrical equipment that may generate static electricity should be properly grounded and grounded to avoid static electricity and sparks caused by lightning strikes.

11. In the event of an electrical fire on the construction site, it is necessary to pay attention to the following when extinguishing the electrical fire.

(1) When the power cord cannot be cut off in time due to other reasons, it is convenient to send people to the power supply side to pull the gate. When the other 10,000 surfaces are to be extinguished, all parts of the human body and the electrified body should be kept at a sufficient distance, and insulation must be worn.

(2) Fire extinguishing agents that extinguish electrical fires should use fire extinguishing agents with good insulation properties such as dry powder fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, 1211 fire extinguishers or dry sand. Do not use conductive fire extinguishing agents for fighting.

(3) Cut off the power quickly so as to prevent the situation from expanding. Insulation gloves should be worn when the power is turned off, and tools with insulated handles should be used. When the fire field needs to cut off the wire far away from the switch, the live wire and the neutral wire should be cut off in a wrong position to prevent a short circuit at the jaws and prevent the power cord from falling on the ground and causing a short circuit and causing electric shock to personnel.

Second, the main cause of fire at the construction site

1. The malfunction of equipment such as transformers and motors causes fire. Long-term overload operation of the transformer or poor manufacturing quality causes damage to the coil insulation, short circuit between turns, overheating of the eddy current of the iron core, aging, breakdown, and heating of the transformer insulating oil, causing fire or explosion. Short circuit of the motor, rotor broom, single-phase operation and other faults, the motor will be overheated, insulation combustion caused by fire.

2. The fire caused by improper use of electric heating equipment and lighting fixtures. The surface temperature of the equipment such as the electric furnace is very high. If it is used improperly, it causes a fire. The distance between high-power lighting fixtures and flammable materials causes fire.

3, arc, spark and other fire. Electric welding machines and spot welding machines use electric arcs and sparks to ignite the surrounding objects and cause fire. There are many reasons for the fire caused by electrical appliances on the construction site. There are many more. This requires power users and on-site personnel to seriously implement the operating procedures and strengthen inspections.

4, the electrical line exceeds the load and causes fire. The electrical equipment on the line is overloaded for a long time and the current used exceeds the safe ampacity of the wire. At this time, if the selection of the protection device is unreasonable and the time is long, the overheating of the wire core will cause the insulating layer to burn and cause fire.

5, line short circuit caused fire. Insufficient insulation distance due to conductors, insufficient insulation, long aging, damage, etc., or artificially inadvertent operation cause line short-circuits. Strong short-circuit currents are quickly converted into heat, causing severe heating of the conductors, sharp rise in temperature, and melting of the conductors. Insulation burns, causing fire.

6. Excessive contact resistance causes fire. The poor connection of the wire joints, the incompressibility of the crimping of the terminal posts, etc., result in increased contact resistance, localized oxidation over time, and increased resistance after oxidation. When the current flows through the resistor, it will consume power to generate heat, causing overheating and causing fire.