Fire and Rescue Knowledge

★ How to save people in the event of a fire?

1. Relieve Human Rescue Act: When there are many people trapped by fire, they can be evacuated to other places where the building is relatively safe, and then try to move to the ground.

2. Transfer of Rescue Act: Guide the trapped persons to transfer stairs from the roof to another unit to the ground.

3, ladder rescue method: the use of various ladders and climbing tools to rescue trapped people.

4. The rope rescue method: Use the various outdoor pipes of the building or the indoor available ropes to implement the slide-down.

5. Control the method of saving people: Use a fire hose to control the fire of a fire-fighting staircase and evacuate people from the fire escape.

6. Slowly save the law: Use a special descent device to rescue trapped people to the ground.

7, pull the net to save people law: Occurrence of someone anxious to jump to jump, when the available coats, bedding, canvas, etc. pull into a "life-saving network" rescue personnel.

★ How to escape when a fire occurs?

1. When you are in the fireworks, you must first try to escape. If the smoke is not strong, you can lean over and walk; if the smoke is too strong, you must crawl and use wet towels to cover your mouth and nose to reduce the harm of smoke.

2. Do not run in the downwind direction. It is best to bypass the combustion zone and run upwind.

3. When a fire occurs in a building, such as a small fire, wet quilts, blankets, etc., can be worn on the body and rushed over from the fire. If the stairs have been blocked by fire, it should immediately pass through the roof and escape from the stairs of another unit; If other methods are ineffective, you can use rope or tearing sheets to connect and slide down; if time is too late, you should throw some quilts, sofa cushions, etc. on the floor to increase cushioning. (Applicable to low-rise buildings)

★ How to evacuate people when a fire occurs?

1. Start the fire information and explain the fire site and evacuation route.

2. The organization is on the floor of the floor, such as the fire floor, where the fire threatens. In the opposite direction of the spread of the fire, the evacuation aisle and the safe exit site are evacuated in an orderly manner.

3. During the evacuation process, natural smoke exhaust windows should be opened, smoke prevention and control facilities should be activated to protect the safety of evacuation personnel; if there is no smoke exhaust facility, evacuees should be reminded to use wet towels to cover their mouths and noses in order to ensure safety. Take the exit.

4. When the situation is critical, escape equipment can be used to evacuate personnel.

★ How to explosion-proof on the fire?

1. The possibility of an explosion in the combustion zone should first be ascertained.

2. When fighting a closed room fire, you should first touch the metal handle of the door. If the door handle is very hot, you must not open the door or stand on the front of the door to prevent fire.

3. When the container containing flammable and explosive substances is to be saved, the valve should be closed in time or the method of cooling the container with water should be used.

4. When an oil barrel filled with oil expands to an elliptical shape, it may detonate soon. Firefighters cannot stand at the interface and front of the barrel, and the barrel should be protected for cooling.

5. When a liquefied petroleum gas cylinder is left standing and leaking and burning, if the flame changes from orange to silver, the sound will “slam” from the sound of “click” and it will explode quickly. It is necessary to take prompt and effective emergency measures. Evacuate people present.

★ Several common initial fire fighting methods:

1, the oil caught fire. Do not pour with water, because the water encounters hot oil and forms a “fried pan”, splashing oil everywhere. The method of fighting is to quickly cover the oily fire that covers a large piece of wet oil, so that the burning oil and fire cannot be exposed to air-oxygen suffocation.

2, electrical appliances. When a fire occurs in an appliance, the power must be cut off first. Never use water and foam to save water if you can't power it off because both water and foam can conduct electricity. Should use carbon dioxide, 1211, dry powder fire extinguisher or dry sand to save, but also with electrical equipment and wires to maintain a distance of more than 2 meters, high voltage equipment should also prevent stepping voltage injury.

3, gas tank on fire. Use a soaked bedding, clothing, etc. to cover the fire and close the valve quickly.

★ Dry powder fire extinguishers adapt to fire and use methods.

1. The ammonium phosphate (ABC) dry powder fire extinguisher is suitable for the initial fire of solid materials, inflammable liquids, flammable liquids, gases and charged equipment, but it cannot fight metal fires.

2. When the fire is extinguished, the portable fire extinguisher rushes to the fire quickly. The operator pulls off the safety pin on the open handle and then holds the nozzle part at the front end of the spray hose and stands in the upwind direction. The other hand will open the pressure of the pressure handle. Next, turn on the fire extinguisher and fire at the root of the flame to fire. The pressure lever should always be pressed down and cannot be released. Otherwise, the spray will be interrupted.

★ The causes of electrical fires include: Circuits are short-circuited and overloaded due to aging, overload, humidity, and poor environment (mainly dust is too large). Common areas of fire: electrical switch, wire connection location, insurance, lighting, electric appliances. b) What knowledge should be specifically known as a member of the company in preventing fires and extinguishing fires?

1. It should be understood that the company has several fire fighting systems and distributions;

2. It should be clear where the various fire fighting tools are placed;

3, should learn to report fire;

4, should learn to use the most basic fire extinguishers;

5, should learn the most basic fire-fighting methods and escape methods ★ What happens when a fire occurs?

1, first alarm and report the company's leadership;

2. Obtain time and place to organize fire extinguishing;

3. Quickly arrange trapped persons to evacuate from safe passage to safe places