11 departments including the Ministry of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Central Bank jointly issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Sustainable and Healthy Development of Exports of Mechanical and Electrical Products during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"). The "Opinions" pointed out that during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, we must continuously optimize the structure of export products, promote the transformation of export product structure from labor-intensive to labor-intensive and technically capital-intensive, and expand the electromechanical with independent intellectual property rights and independent brands. Export of products, strive to increase the proportion of exports of self-owned brands of general trade mechanical and electrical products to 30%. Increased support for electromechanical export It is understood that China's mechanical and electrical products have maintained the status of the first major category of export commodities for 16 consecutive years, accounting for 60% of total foreign trade exports, an increase of more than 70%, and exports ranked first in the world. Since the "11th Five-Year Plan", China's exports of mechanical and electrical products have continued to grow at a high speed. The overall scale has more than doubled during the "10th Five-Year Plan" period; the export structure has continued to improve, and the export of high-tech mechanical and electrical products accounted for more than 50%, independent intellectual property rights and autonomy. The export share of branded products has steadily increased. As of 2010, mechanical and electrical products have maintained the status of the first category of export commodities for 16 consecutive years. Therefore, the Ministry of Commerce said that during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's import and export of mechanical and electrical products strives for an average annual growth rate higher than GDP and foreign trade growth rate, and strives to import and export at the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" scale of 2.4 trillion US dollars, of which exports It reached 1.4 trillion US dollars. “However, the low-cost expansion of mechanical and electrical products and the mode of extensive export are still ingrained.†Feng Jianping, editor-in-chief of MM Modern Manufacturing, said in an interview with the author that there are not many Chinese companies participating in the Hannover Machine Tool Show every year, despite the Shenyang machine tool ( 12.43, 0.00, 0.00%) is still a leading company in the Chinese machine tool industry, but there is still no technical advantage in the international machine tool industry. Therefore, the "Opinions" emphasizes that it is necessary to optimize the main structure of export operations, and encourage 100 leading enterprises in 25 key industries, including automobiles, machine tools, construction machinery, ships, railway locomotives, to establish and improve overseas marketing networks and after-sales service systems, and cultivate and identify 200 The export base and 2,000 base enterprises are committed to cultivating 100 multinational electromechanical enterprise groups with strong technological innovation capabilities and independent core technologies. The "Opinions" proposes to promote the transformation of exports from product-oriented to product, technology and capital output, accelerate the cultivation of new advantages in technology, brand, quality and service as core competitiveness, and continue to consolidate the traditional advantages of mechanical products. To cultivate the competitive advantages of electronic products, strengthen the comprehensive comparative advantages of large-scale complete sets of equipment, promote the internationalization of strategic emerging industries, strictly control the export of “two high and one capital†products, and moderately reduce the export of products that are likely to cause trade friction. In terms of policy support, we will continue to play the role of policy finance in supporting and guiding exports. Under the premise of complying with WTO rules, give play to the policy role of export credit insurance, encourage domestic banks to provide credit support for exports under the premise of risk control, and support the export of large-scale complete sets of equipment for shipbuilding, power, communications, railway, metallurgical and other equipment manufacturing industries. . The "Opinions" pointed out that it is necessary to expand the cross-border use of the renminbi, comprehensively promote the settlement of renminbi cross-border trade Improve the functions of foreign affiliates of Chinese-funded financial institutions, provide credit and advisory services to customers and buyers to export enterprises, and provide financing support to overseas distributors and end users. Policy implementation remains to be seen Although the state has increased its support for the export of mechanical and electrical products at the policy level, is the electromechanical manufacturing enterprise willing to increase its export strength? Can the bank give credit support to export enterprises in a timely manner? Take Taizhou City, a major exporter of electromechanical products, as an example. In the first half of this year, the city's mechanical and electrical products exported 4.5 billion US dollars, accounting for 53.9% of the city's total exports, an increase of 27.1% over the same period last year, the growth rate is higher than the city's export average. According to industry insiders, electromechanical products are among the “relatively high-end†products exported by the city. The growth of export of electromechanical products is accelerating, which has practical significance for optimizing the export structure of Taizhou. “However, high growth does not mean high returns. With the large changes in raw materials, labor prices, and RMB exchange rates, the profit margins of electromechanical manufacturing companies are constantly being compressed. It is not wrong to let electromechanical products go abroad, but how to guarantee electromechanical manufacturing. The profit of the enterprise does not shrink?" An electromechanical manufacturer in Taizhou told the author that the profit growth of export enterprises was not consistent with the growth of export volume due to the increase in raw materials and labor costs. It is understood that the average price of raw materials such as scrap metal, primary shape plastics, unwrought copper and steel products has generally increased. In the first half of the year, Taizhou imported 932,000 tons of scrap metal, and the average import price was US$1,117 per ton, up 21.3%. The average price of primary-shaped plastic, unwrought copper and steel imports was US$1822, US$8,797 and US$2,063 per ton, respectively. , up 23%, 28% and 70.6% respectively. "At the moment, CPI continues to be high and inflation is very serious. Can mechanical and electrical export enterprises still maintain their previous export profits?" The manufacturer questioned. In response to the arguments in the “Opinions†that “encourage domestic banks to provide credit support for exports under the premise of risk controlâ€, the author visited several banks and received replies that were not optimistic. "After all, the policy has just been issued. We can't say anything. Let's see what other banks are reacting to. Let's make a decision." "The starting point of the country may be good, but the bank is also profitable. It is necessary to make a risk for the risk." The standard system of measurement and evaluability, and the formulation of this system will take some time." Therefore, from the current point of view, the implementation of the "Opinions" remains to be seen. From single batch production to multi-variety, individualized production mode, from production-oriented to user-oriented custom production mode, to achieve the advantages of single-piece production and mass production as one of the lean production methods. Encourage qualified industry backbone enterprises to use their own advantages to extend the industrial chain, create conditions to transform from production-oriented manufacturing to modern service-oriented manufacturing, and provide a single product to the society to provide users with complete sets of products and line-forming products, and improve the production capacity of complete sets of equipment. And engineering contracting capabilities, gradually provide software, information consulting services, development of machine tool remanufacturing projects, etc., improve service levels, and ultimately become a provider of comprehensive solutions. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, with the industrial upgrading of the downstream user industry, higher technical requirements will be put forward for the machine tool industry products, and it will also provide a larger market demand space. Therefore, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, China's machine tool market consumption will grow steadily, with an average annual growth rate of more than 10%. It is estimated that the annual consumption will reach nearly 850 billion yuan by 2015.
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