In the northern part of the country in July and August, in the case of heavy rain and high temperatures, if the fruit trees are not properly managed, it is easy to cause long-term growth, and it is necessary to strengthen artificial control, mainly doing the following work:
Fertilization pruning control
Fertilize. If there is little or no application of nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be properly applied to the trees with weak results and weak growth. At the same time, the whole plant should be sprayed with 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray once every 15 days, and spray continuously for 3~5 times. .
Summer shears. Timely clean up the dense branches, weak branches, long branches, timely picking, in order to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, while controlling the branches with less results, growth and prosperous branches. After trimming, apply the callus anti-corrosion film to the trimming mouth to disinfect and cure the wound and protect the wound.
Chemical control. Plant growth balancers and retardants should be used as appropriate with little or no accelerator. The method is: ring cutting in the tender part of the trunk or the main branch, the depth is just to reach the xylem, and the smear is applied to the Huanhua No. 2 (except the peach tree) to control the crown to prevent the size of the year. Promote the orderly flow of nutrients, make the tree healthy and harmonious growth, control the growth of new shoots, and reduce the cracking of fruit in the later stage.
Combining weeding and cultivating
In the rainy season, weeds grow very fast. Not only do they compete with fruit trees for water and fertilizer, but also places where pests and diseases are hidden. It is necessary to cultivate alfalfa in a timely manner. It is also possible to use herbicides such as naps, paraquat and glyphosate. In addition, after heavy rain, the surface of the surface, the soil moisture is high, oxygen is insufficient, which is not conducive to root growth, often causing poor growth of fruit trees, and even causing a large number of fallen leaves, so whether or not weeds, we must do a good job after rain, can improve Soil permeability can maintain soil moisture.
Discharge and combination of flood control and water saving
A lot of precipitation in time, although it is inconvenient for production management, it has accumulated rainwater. In the northern region, the annual precipitation distribution is very uneven. In order to use the rainwater resources, the reservoirs can be dug in the orchard, and the clear water can be used to clear the water. In recent years, the drought in North China has a weak awareness of flood control. In the past, many drainage ditches have been abandoned and filled, and when precipitation is concentrated, it is prone to internal hesitation. While storing water, don't be numb, do a good job in preparing for disaster prevention, and clear the drainage ditch around the orchard. In case of continuous precipitation, the water in the park will be discharged in time.
Strict prevention of pests and diseases
The rainy season is the peak period of fruit tree disease. Therefore, strengthening the prevention and control of diseases in the rainy season is a key link in the management of fruit trees.
Fruit ring disease. Apple ring disease is overwinter in diseased stem stem tumors with hyphae, conidia and ascospores. Spores in the rain, peaked from July to August. In the rainy season, chemical control is mainly used. Generally, 40% anthrax fumei wettable powder 400 times liquid; 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid; 50% antibacterial special wettable powder 800 times liquid have good control effects.
Apple anthracnose. At the beginning of the disease, light brown round spots appear on the fruit surface and gradually enlarge into brown or dark brown lesions. Prevention and control should be based on the removal of bacterial sources and enhanced cultivation management. Pay attention to the orchard drainage during the rainy season, and the diseased fruit should be removed in time during the growing season. The protection of the medicament is generally 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture; 50% antibacterial WP 500-600 times solution; 80% anthrax defame WP 500-600 times solution; 40% carbendazim- chlorothalonil suspension 300 times liquid.
Apple spots deciduous disease. First of all, we must improve the light and ventilation of the canopy; pay attention to drainage; rational fertilization, enhance the tree potential. The chemical control can be carried out by using 70% mancozeb wettable powder 300~500 times liquid; 30% green protective plastic suspending agent 300~500 times liquid; 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times liquid. And pay attention to the alternate use of the agent.
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