Garlic is a bulbous crop that requires a large amount of fertilizer and is more resistant to fertilizer. It is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam soil rich in organic matter, loose and fertile on the surface of the soil, comprehensive in nutrition, and good in water retention and fertilizer. According to the study: for the production of 1000 kg of fresh garlic, nitrogen needs 4.5-5 kg, phosphorus 1.1-1.3 kg, potassium 4.1-4.7 kg, the ratio is 3:1:3. Therefore, on the basis of fully understanding the growth characteristics and fertilizer characteristics of garlic, the implementation of scientific fertilization is the key to achieving high quality and high yield of garlic.
According to the growth characteristics of garlic and the characteristics of fertilizer, in the fertilization of garlic, organic fertilizer should be the main, supplemented by chemical fertilizer; base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing; coarse fertilizer application, fertilizer application principle, maximum Meet the needs of nutrients in the growth and development of garlic. (1) Applying the base fertilizer: Because the roots of garlic are shallow, the root hair is small, and the ability to absorb fertilizer is poor, so the quality of the base fertilizer (especially for the purpose of harvesting garlic moss and garlic) is higher, and it should be based on decomposed manure or cake fertilizer. The amount of phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is generally 5,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 100 kg of cake fertilizer, and 25-35 kg of NPK compound fertilizer. (2) Early application of seedling fertilizer: Early application of seedling fertilizer is beneficial to promote rapid rooting and seedling emergence after emergence, and improve the wintering performance of autumn sowing garlic. The requirement for seedling fertilization is about 15 days after emergence. In addition to high fertility and sufficient base fertilizer, it is not necessary to apply seedling fertilizer. Generally, urea can be applied 15-20 kg per mu. (3) Adding green fertilizer: The green fertilizer generally rises in the spring, and the heart and roots of garlic begin to grow. It is better to apply 20-30 kg of urea per mu. (4) Heavy application of fertilizer: Generally, it should be carried out when the bud and flower buds are differentiated and the garlic is bred. As it enters the vigorous growth period, the growth amount and fertilizer requirement have reached the peak period, so it is generally required to reapply, accounting for 40%-50% of the total amount of topdressing fertilizer, 25-30 kg of NPK compound fertilizer per mu. . (5) skillfully apply strong head fertilizer: strong head fertilizer should be carried out 25-30 days after bolting fertilizer application, strong head fertilizer is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, combined with a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to meet the needs of nutrients of garlic and garlic, generally every About 15 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied per mu.
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