Wheat seedling stage refers to the growth of wheat from the seedling emergence of wheat to the beginning of jointing of wheat. The growth characteristics are mainly vegetative growth of long leaves, long roots and long carp. Wheat seedlings have to undergo a severe cold winter, often due to poor quality of farming, management is not in place, and some abnormal seedlings occur, seriously affecting wheat yield. If measures are taken early, they can still be converted into normal wheat seedlings. The reasons for the formation of several abnormal seedlings and their prevention methods are described below.
1. Deep seedlings.
Because of the large amount of straw before the tiller, the rotary tiller cuts the grass unevenly during the tillage, and it encounters heavy rain after sowing. It is easy to cause the buried seed to be too deep in the straw or grass-free grassland, the topsoil is knotted, the emergence is slow, and even The wheat seedlings can not be emerged normally, or the stems are fine, the leaves are small, the yellow leaves, the plants are few, and the mites are less. When this happens, the scorpion should be used to carry out the soil and clear the soil, and improve the soil. Permeability, promote timely emergence and tillering.
2. Saplings.
When the amount of seeding is too large and the seeding technique is not refined, the seedlings of the seedlings after sowing tend to appear. The cultivated land technology is not good, the clods are not broken, and there are many big ones; or the steps are uneven when planting and walking, and the seedlings often appear in places with slow walking. To prevent this from happening, first, master the scientific and reasonable amount of sowing, and determine the seed germination rate before sowing. The second is to finely level the ground before the sowing, and strive to crush the soil. For seedlings that have been seeded too densely, the cultivating technique is used to remove the excess seedlings early.
3. Standing needle seedlings.
The quality of sowing is poor, the amount of sowing is too large, the sowing is too deep or the soil preparation before the sowing is not fine, and the seedlings are easily formed when the seedlings are severely pressed after sowing. In addition, sometimes the anti-wheat seedlings are frozen, and the soil-fertilizer is applied to cover the wheat seedlings, and the cover is thick. When it is raised in the spring, it is easy to form a standing needle seedling. The needles of the needles are needle-shaped, with fewer tillers and fewer leaves. The wheat seedlings are thin and long, and the shape is not enough.
In order to prevent the occurrence of needle-forming seedlings, while improving the quality of the land preparation and mastering the appropriate amount of sowing, it is also necessary to pay attention to grasping the reasonable seeding depth, generally 3-5 cm is appropriate to prevent too deep and too shallow. For any reason, the needle-forming seedlings must be soiled and cultivated to remove excess wheat seedlings. And timely fertilize and water the needle seedlings, and let the needle seedlings grow vigorously as soon as possible. Fertilization should be carried out with 2%-5% urea or diammonium phosphate solution.
4. Dew seedlings.
Uneven soil cover or paddy wheat in rice fields, or due to mechanical failures, etc., easy to appear seedlings. Dew seedlings are prone to freezing damage, easy to fall, and easy to dry in the later stage. When using herbicides, they are also prone to phytotoxicity. The method of prevention and control is to cover the soil early. For the weaving of wheat, a large-sized coulter is installed in the middle of the rotary tiller, and the ditch is opened by reverse rotation, and the fine soil formed by the ditch is used to cover the seed.
5. Lack of seedlings and ridges.
Mainly because the ground force is not good, or the ground is uneven, the watering is uneven; the germination rate of wheat is not high, the mixing is uneven; the damage caused by the large and underground pests. Generally, no seedlings below 15 cm in wheat ridges are lacking in seedlings; Precautionary measures: First, fine land preparation, and the ground should be level. The second is the sowing of the foot. If the land is not enough when planting, it must be watered one week in advance, and then planted when the water is suitable. Third, the germination test of wheat seeds must be done well. Do not use wheat seeds for germination rate less than 95%. Mix well before sowing. The fourth is to timely control underground pests.
6. Wang Chang Miao.
When the temperature is too high and the sowing is too early, and the fertilizer is too strong, the wheat seedlings tend to form long before winter. When this happens, it will reduce the anti-freezing ability of the wheat seedlings, reduce the tillering rate, and prone to premature aging and lodging, which is not conducive to high yield. Precautionary measures: Any wheat field with a prosperous trend should be repressed in time before winter, deep roots and roots, and sprayed with paclobutrazol in an appropriate amount to prevent the jointing before winter, try to apply less or no seedling fertilizer, and apply less fertilizer. , appropriate late application of jointing ear fertilizer.
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