Technical parameters of laser cutting equipment
With the ever-expanding range of laser cutting applications, many cutting devices with different characteristics and uses have been developed to meet the needs of different sizes of parts. Commonly used are torch-driven cutting equipment, XY coordinate cutting table driven cutting equipment, torch-cutting table double-drive cutting equipment, integrated cutting equipment and laser cutting robots.
(1) Torch-driven cutting equipment
In the torch-driven cutting device, the torch is mounted on the movable gantry and moves along the transverse direction of the gantry beam (Y-axis direction), the gantry moves the torch along the X-axis, and the workpiece is fixed on the cutting table. Since the laser is separated from the torch, the transmission characteristics of the laser, the parallelism along the scanning direction of the beam, and the stability of the refractive mirror are all affected during the cutting process.
The torch-driven cutting equipment can process large-sized parts. The cutting production area occupies a relatively small area and is easy to form a production line with other equipment, but the positioning accuracy is only ±0.04mm.
A typical structure of a torch-driven cutting device is shown in Figure 9. With CO 2 gas continuous laser, the distance from the laser to the torch is 18 mm. In order to keep the shape of the beam within this distance of transmission from affecting the cutting process, the combination of the oscillator mirrors should be carefully designed.
(2) XY coordinate cutting table driven cutting equipment
The XY coordinate cutting table drives the cutting device, the torch is fixed on the frame, and the workpiece is placed on the cutting table. The cutting table moves in the X and Y directions according to the numerical control command, and the driving speed is generally 0 to 1 m/min (adjustable) or 0 to 5 m/min (adjustable). Since the torch is fixed relative to the workpiece, the alignment of the laser beam during the cutting process has a small influence, so that a uniform and stable cutting can be performed. When the cutting table is small in size and high in mechanical precision, the positioning accuracy is ±0.01mm, and the cutting precision is quite good, which is especially suitable for precision cutting of small parts. In addition, a cutting table with a stroke of 2300 to 2400 mm in the X-axis direction and a stroke of 1200 to 1300 mm in the Y-axis direction is used to process a large-sized part.
The main technical parameters of the XY coordinate cutting table driven cutting equipment are as follows:
Laser CO2 gas laser (semi-closed straight tube)
Laser power supply Input voltage: 200V AC
Output voltage: 0 ~ 30kV
Maximum output current: 100mA
Laser output power 550W
Cutting table stroke X axis 2300mm, Y axis 1300mm
Cutting table driving speed (grading adjustable) 0.4～5.0m/min, 0.2～2.5m/min, 0.1～1.3m/min, 0.05
~0.6m/min
Torch height (Z direction) floating stroke 180mm
The maximum size of the processed sheet 6mm × 1300mm × 2300mm
Control equipment
(3) torch-cutting table double drive cutting equipment
The torch-cutting table driven cutting device is between the torch drive and the XY coordinate cutting table drive. The torch is mounted on the gantry and moves laterally (Y-direction) along the gantry girders. The cutting table is driven in the longitudinal direction, which combines the advantages of high cutting precision and saving production space. The positioning accuracy is ±0.01mm, and the cutting speed adjustment range is 0~20m/min, which is a kind of cutting equipment with more applications. Among them, the larger cutting device has a stroke of 2000 mm in the Y-axis direction and a stroke of 6000 mm in the X-axis direction, which can cut large-sized parts.
The laser oscillator is mounted on the gantry together with the torch, and the cutting accuracy is quite good. The relationship between the accuracy of the cutting hole and the cutting speed is shown in Fig. 10.
It can be seen from the figure that the precision of cutting the circular hole by the torch-cutting table double-drive cutting device is quite good. Moreover, the production efficiency of such a device is also high. On a 1 mm thick steel plate, 46 circular holes having a diameter of 10 mm can be cut per minute.
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