Over the years we have seen too many stories of the rise of the industry. From the earliest drones to the current autopilot technology, artificial intelligence technology, every technological revolution will be accompanied by capital revelation, and a large amount of capital will flow into this field. The legend of overnight wealth has also attracted more young people to join the industry. The combination of capital and technology continues to stimulate people's keen senses. Maybe you have not caught up with the wave of artificial intelligence or the chance to catch up with virtual reality, but don't miss the chance that you may become the capital revelation - wireless charging technology.
Speaking of wireless charging, this is not a new technology. As early as a century ago, AC pioneer Nicolas Tesla had proposed using the Earth’s ionosphere to reflect electromagnetic waves, creating a frequency between Earth and the ionosphere. The low-frequency resonance of 8Hz achieves long-distance power wireless transmission, but ultimately the idea is not realized due to the huge investment.
Wireless charging is mainly divided into two types based on technical principles:
1) Electromagnetic induction type:
Electromagnetic induction wireless charging is the simplest wireless charging technology. The main principle of electromagnetic induction wireless charging is to use two coils, one of which is input with alternating current to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the alternating magnetic field is on the other side. The alternating current is induced in the coil, so that the alternating current is transmitted between the two coils. The disadvantage is that due to the loss of the electromagnetic field, the transmission efficiency is low. In order to increase the efficiency in the transformer, silicon steel is added between the two coils so as to bring the magnetic fields together so as to improve the power transmission efficiency.
2) Magnetic resonance:
Magnetic resonance mainly uses two coils to generate electromagnetic resonance at a certain frequency to achieve the purpose of transferring energy from one coil to another. The basic principle is shown in the figure below. First, the electrical energy is converted into radio waves. Then the radio waves excite a coil (electromagnetic resonance inductor) to achieve electromagnetic energy conversion. Then another identical coil approaches the above-mentioned coil, and strong electromagnetic resonance occurs between the two coils. The transmission of electric energy between the two coils is realized, and then, after passing through a rectifying circuit, electric appliances can be supplied with power.
The main problem with this method is that the efficiency of power transmission is affected by the distance and relative angle between the two coils. The relationship between the efficiency of wireless transmission and the distance D between two coils is shown in the figure below. Therefore, the radio waves used to excite the coil need to be adjusted at any time according to the relative position between the two coils to obtain the optimal transmission efficiency, which also makes this wireless transmission method applicable only to the case where two coils are fixed.
This means that although our mobile phone has a wireless charging function, it still needs to be fixed in one place during charging, which greatly limits the wireless charging application scenario. Recently, Sid Assawaworrarit et al. of Stanford University used the “symmetry of time parity†theory in basic physics to develop a wireless charging technology that can automatically adjust the operating frequency based on the distance between two coils. The schematic structure of the method is as follows: Shown, the main components of the front-end amplifier, two identical coils, a rectifier. Based on the theory of “symmetry of parity timeâ€, the two coils are no longer divided into the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. They are the receiving end and the transmitting end. When the amplifier magnifies the electromagnetic energy to a certain extent (based on the load), this The two coils are converted into "symmetry of time". At this time, the two coils will automatically select the operating frequency based on the distance between the two coils, so as to achieve the best transmission efficiency, so the system and the two coils The relationship between the distances is shown in the graph below. From the curve, it can be seen that at the beginning, the power transmission efficiency does not fluctuate with the distance between the two coils, but it always remains at the highest transmission. Efficiency, experimental results show that this distance up to 70cm.
The biggest advantage of this method is that it provides theoretical feasibility for charging a moving object. Imagine that the mobile phone no longer needs wires, and it does not need to put the battery on the wireless charging base. When you go shopping, the mobile phone is automatically connected. Entering the charging network and completing wireless charging without your knowledge will not affect your use of the mobile phone. It is a wonderful thing. The battery power anxiety will become history.
Of course, the biggest application scenario of this technology is electric vehicles. At present, the most troublesome factors for electric vehicles are cruising range and charging speed. If this technology can be used for electric vehicles, it will be buried during the process of electric vehicles. The wireless charging equipment under the road continues to supply electric vehicles. The cruising range of electric vehicles will increase indefinitely and will no longer be limited by the capacity of the battery. So what are we worried about? By then, electric cars will usher in explosive growth.
Of course, there are many limitations to this method. First of all, although the energy transfer efficiency between the two coils has been achieved close to 100%, due to the general-purpose components used in the electromagnetic energy amplifier, the electrical efficiency is only about 10%. Therefore, the overall power transmission efficiency is not high. Secondly, at present, the two coils in this technology can only move in the opposite direction, and cannot change the angle, or move in other directions. In reality, the electric car is rapidly driving on the road surface, between the two coils. The point of view will constantly change, which is the problem that the technology needs to overcome.
Assawaworrarit's proposed wireless charging technology will open the door for future changes in the transportation industry. As the technology matures, the cruising range of electric vehicles will no longer be a problem that bothers us. The problem of charging will also become history. This will be disruptive for future lifestyle changes. It is believed that as the technology continues to mature, wireless charging technology will become more and more popular whether it is a mobile phone or an electric car. The market demand for wireless charging equipment will also usher in explosive growth.
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