Talking about How to Improve Enterprise's Fire Safety Management Measures (1)

In one year, a fire broke out in a garment factory in Shantou City, Guangdong Province, resulting in an extraordinary fire accident with 13 deaths, one extremely severe burn, and direct economic loss of 750,000 yuan. The tragic accidents taught us: The fire safety of labor-intensive enterprises must not be ignored! The following author combines many years of experience in fire supervision work, from all angles and all readers to explore how to do a good job of labor-intensive enterprise fire safety work .

I. Some feasible measures for doing well in the management of fire-fighting equipment in labor-intensive enterprises. Local fire protection agencies and safety supervision departments shall promptly detect potential fire hazards in enterprises within their jurisdiction, promptly supervise and urge rectification and reform, establish timely records for the existence of major fire hazards in accordance with relevant regulations, organize experts to analyze and analyze causes, and formulate rectification plans. Responsible units in accordance with the law shall clear hidden dangers.

1. Carry out fire prevention self-examination seriously. Labor-intensive enterprises shall carry out fire inspections at least once a month, focus on checking the operation of indoor and outdoor fire hydrant systems, the configuration and effective conditions of fire-fighting equipment, whether there is any violation of the use of fire or electricity, and the use of electricity and electricity by staff quarters. , safety evacuation facilities, warehouse fire safety management, and fire and explosion prevention measures for inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and establishments, and determine enterprise fire equipment management personnel, plumbers and security personnel, and strengthen night-time fire inspections of workshops and warehouses. , Correct violations in a timely manner, properly handle fire hazards, and ensure the fire safety of enterprises, especially when they work overtime at night. Consciously fulfill fire safety responsibilities and cooperate with fire departments to carry out firefighting work, and establish a set of internal fire safety management mechanisms for “self-checking, self-deletion, self-confidence, and accepting supervision” to focus on improving the company’s self-defense and self-rescue capability.

2. Strengthen publicity and education and implement a fire protection responsibility system for all members. For labor-intensive enterprises to effectively control fires, publicity and education work is particularly important, and various methods such as holding fire-fighting training classes, organizing employees to watch fire-fighting videos, and organizing employees to visit fire stations can be used. To make everyone aware of the hazards of fire, improve the company's internal electrical equipment technology management. The special work of electricians, welders and electrical operation, operation and management personnel is performed with certificates. Efforts should be made to prevent unqualified electrical installations from entering enterprises and factories, and to prevent unauthorized operations and related electrical equipment from falling out of control. Enterprises should organize employees who are new to posts and who have entered new positions to conduct fire safety training before taking up posts, take frequent forms of fire safety publicity and education in a variety of forms that are close to the actual conditions of the factory, raise employee awareness of fire safety, and master basic fire safety knowledge. At the same time as firefighting skills, we actively guide our employees to proceed from the actual conditions of the company, seriously consider the company's fire prevention measures and methods, and strive to improve the effectiveness of publicity, education, and training.

3. Improve the ability of employees to escape from the fire. In addition to the disaster itself, the lack of ambulance knowledge is also the main cause of casualties. Enterprises should actively guide employees to maintain sedation, overcome panic attacks and guard against psychological breakdown. This requires companies to strengthen the usual education and training, shaping the good psychological quality of employees, and be calm calmly. The emergence of a fire does not mean that there is no way to escape; on the contrary, it must firmly persist in the belief in survival, keep the psychological stability, correctly estimate the fire situation, and use all possible escape conditions to escape danger. In times of crisis, we should not limit ourselves to using the original evacuation routes. We should use our brains to think of ways to escape. Escape, alarm, and call for help must be combined to prevent the escape from being ignored and to call for help. When walking in a fire or in a smoke room, you should bend as low as you can to reduce height and prevent suffocation or poisoning. It is necessary to correctly estimate the development and spread of the fire and must not take blind actions. When there is a drainage or water supply pipe on the wall outside the room, capable people can use the pipe to escape. Do not take an ordinary elevator. Because the lift shaft goes straight to the floors of the building, smoke, high temperature, and hot gas can easily enter. High temperatures may make the elevator unable to walk due to loss of control or deformation. Smoke and heat may endanger life safety. Not to jump blindly. Even if you are trapped in the house by the fire, you must use all possible methods. Stick to the “position” and wait patiently for the rescue. Don't use it to smoke or roast. Do not use the method of jumping.

4, increase fire safety supervision and ensure the safety of enterprises. While carrying out special corporate fire safety control work, the public security fire control agencies and safety supervision departments must organize careful and meticulous supervision and inspection of the enterprises. They must promptly issue legal documents on existing fire hazards, and notify the owners to rectify the deadlines and eliminate hidden fire hazards. At the same time, according to the actual situation of the enterprise, it actively helps the owner to formulate a practical and feasible rectification plan, which can not only reduce the risk of fire but also cause too much impact on the normal production of the company. If it is appropriate to use natural lakes, rivers, and underground water wells as fire fighting pools for enterprises, adjust the floor positions of the workshops and try to make the personnel-intensive workshops at the factory floor. For those enterprises that refuse to rectify fire hazards, the public security and fire safety agencies and safety supervision departments must make full use of the laws and regulations to strictly investigate and deal with the issues of safety evacuation, fire separation of workshops and warehouses, fire protection facilities, etc., and resolutely prevent and To curb the occurrence of major fire accidents.

5. Formulate and implement fire safety responsibility system. Enterprises shall establish and improve fire protection organizations according to the characteristics of their own production, determine the fire safety personnel from the factory, workshop, warehouse to the team, define the fire safety responsibilities, implement the fire safety responsibility system, and organize the establishment of fire inspection, inspection, and safety. Management of evacuation facilities, rectification of fire hazards, management with fire and electricity, fire prevention for inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and establishments, safety management for warehouse fire prevention, drills for emergency fire evacuation plans, and fire safety management systems for inspection and management of electrical equipment, etc. Formulate various operational procedures for the protection of fire safety, and implement strict management of key fire safety areas identified by raw materials, finished product warehouses, use and storage of flammable and explosive dangerous goods, and personnel-intensive workshops. Establish an emergency team to improve emergency rescue capabilities.

6. Regularly organize fire extinguishing exercises. Each labor-intensive enterprise must establish a mass volunteer fire protection organization based on its own characteristics, be equipped with necessary equipment, formulate fire prevention plans, and strengthen drills. Mainly consist of compulsory fire brigade composed of the backbone of the team and security personnel, organize a drill for fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans on a regular basis, pass fire extinguishing organization command, alarm and alarm handling procedures, emergency evacuation, initial fire suppression and communication, and safety protection. Procedures and measures for rescue and ambulance, continuous improvement of fire-fighting and emergency evacuation plans, enhancement of employees' psychological quality, and improvement of enterprises' resilience to fire.

7. Establish a fire safety organization to improve self-prevention and self-rescue capability. Governments at all levels should strengthen their leadership over fire safety work in enterprises and increase their sense of responsibility and urgency. In accordance with the "relationship management" principle, fire safety responsibility documents have been signed at various levels, and the fire safety of the company has been included in the annual work evaluation of the government and related departments to ensure that the company's fire safety work is implemented. Enterprises must also carry out fire safety work in accordance with the Fire Safety Law of the People's Republic of China and local rules and regulations, standardize internal management, establish and improve unit fire safety leadership, formulate fire safety regulations, fire safety operation regulations, and clarify responsibility for fire safety at all levels. Persons implement a fire safety responsibility system and implement the responsibilities to the workshop team. Regulate electrical equipment and fire fighting equipment. It is necessary to urge enterprises to standardize the laying and installation of circuits for various types of electrical equipment at processing sites. Electrical equipment should be provided with short-circuit protection, overload protection, etc. The protective cover should be installed to prevent dust from entering the electrical equipment and causing a short circuit to cause a fire. Enterprises should set up full-time electricians, often overhaul electrical equipment to ensure the safety of electricity. It is required to build a reliable fire-fighting water source according to the requirements of the “Code for the Design of Building Fire Protection” and establish indoor and outdoor fire-fighting water supply systems. If the unit is small or has difficulties, it may be based on the principle of “joint investment, mutual assistance and mutual benefit” to jointly set up fire fighting pools and continuously increase the investment in fire protection infrastructure. The arrangement of fire-fighting equipment within the factory shall be strictly configured according to requirements, and the intensity of hidden dangers shall be increased. For fire hazards discovered by the company's fire prevention inspections or fire hazards that the public security fire control agency has ordered to correct within a time limit, the business owner shall ensure the implementation of the corrective measures from the funds and personnel, ensure the fire separation of workshops and warehouses, warehouses of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods, and safety evacuation. Facilities, indoor and outdoor fire hydrant systems, laying of electrical lines, installation of electrical equipment, fire safety management of warehouses, lighting fixtures of warehouses, and installation of freight elevators are in compliance with fire safety technical regulations.

China is a large country with labor resources, and labor-intensive enterprises exist in a large number of provinces such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong. The management of fire safety in labor-intensive enterprises is of great significance in reducing the occurrence of major and serious fire accidents in China and reducing the number of casualties. . From a political perspective, we should do a good job in the fire safety management of labor-intensive enterprises and maintain the overall safety of the entire society.