First, lay the overall defense
1. Pay close attention to the control of Putian
Putian control of rice leaf roller, sheath blight, rice blast is one of the measures to control Oda field, the area of ​​Putian is small and concentrated, and the treatment of 1hm2 Putian is equal to 15~20 hm2 of Datian, and the provincial and provincial medicines have high control effect. The first-generation method for controlling Bacterial blight and S. chinensis in Putian is: when the seedlings are 3~4 true leaves, or 5~7d before transplanting, in late May, as a "give medicine", Putian uses Chuanhua-018 (Ye Qingshuang, Ye Kuining) 2.25kg / hm2, plus 25% tricyclazole powder 1.5kg / hm2 plus 18% insecticidal double 3kg / hm2, 600kg of water, even spray, can also treat pests such as rice locusts.
2. Combination of chemical weeding and topdressing
When the rice is returned to the green after transplanting, the green fertilizer should be applied early to promote effective tillering. Focus on chemical weeding, optional 50% butachlor EC 2 250mL / hm2, or 50% chlorpyrifos 3 000mL / hm2, or 5.3% Dingxi granules 7.5 ~ 9.0kg / hm2, optional 1 herbicide With urea 225 ~ 300kg / hm2, mixed evenly, become a fertilizer, spread the field, the field to maintain a shallow water layer 5 ~ 6d.
3. Applying in the round stalk period of booting
When rice enters the jointing round stalk period, the field pests have accumulated to a certain amount. This is a very critical period and must be controlled by drugs. In the middle and late July, the resistance mechanism of rice is weakened, and the spread of pests and diseases occurs. The compound is mixed with pesticides, such as insecticidal double, leaf sulphate and Jinggangmycin to prevent sheath blight and rice leaf roller. The application time is from late July to early August, with 60% rice Jindan 900g/hm2+ Jinggangmycin 2.385kg/hm2+25% Ye Kuining 2.25 kg/hm2+20% Dagongchen 300g/hm2, water 750kg , carry out a conventional spray. The shallow water layer is maintained in the field during the application period.
4, the application of the slashing and flowering stage
This is the most sensitive period for rice pests and diseases, which has the greatest impact on yield, and it is especially important to control with chemicals. The application time is in the middle of August, and the main prevention is sheath blight and rice planthopper. Use organic phosphorus "1605" 1 500mL / hm 2+ 20% powder rust 1.5kg / hm 2+ 5% Jinggangmycin 2.25kg / hm 2+ 25% è™± è™± 750 750g / hm2, mainly for splash control, can also use coarse spray Prevention and treatment.
5, before the milk ripening period
Before the milk ripening period (from the end of August to September 5), it is the peak period of the brown rice planthopper in the single-season hybrid rice field, that is, after the first hatching peak of the fourth-generation nymph, it is often around September 5, and the amount of insects gradually increases after mid-September. decline. Therefore, it is necessary to use this one-time medicine to control the damage of the brown rice planthopper when the high insect amount occurs. It is better to use the agent to spray powder with quick-acting powder, and it can also be poured with organic phosphorus. It can also be fumigated with dichlorvos. Regardless of the method used, it is necessary to spray the agent to the base of the rice plant to improve the control effect.
Second, the specific prevention and treatment of common pests and diseases
1. Rice sheath blight
The sheath blight is commonly known as the flower foot, which is one of the three major diseases of rice and one of the main diseases of rice in our county.
(1) Characteristics of the disease. The middle part of the lesion is grayish white, and the edge is dark brown. Frequently, several lesions are connected to each other to form a large plaque. In the case of rainy and wet conditions, the disease minister produces white or gray-white spider filament mycelium, which gradually forms white velvet bacterium, and finally becomes a brown hard sclerotium.
(2) Control measures. 1 Remove the source of bacteria, salvage the “slagâ€, remove the weeds in the field, and return to the field without disease; 2 Rational fertilization; 3 Spray in time: 1% (10,000 units) of Jinggangmycin WP 7.5kg/ Hm2, or 2% jinggangmycin 1.125 kg/hm2, or 50% carbendazim WP 1.5 kg/hm2 sprayed with water 1 125 kg. It can also be soaked in water for 1,500 to 3,000 kg to 1,500 to 300 kg/hm2 for a day and night, filtered and sprayed; or directly applied with ash 375~525kg/hm2.
2, rice blast
Rice blast is commonly known as "ghost neck" and is one of the three major diseases of rice.
(1) Characteristics of the disease. Nursery: The base of the diseased seed became dark brown, and the upper part was yellowish brown or reddish brown and died. When wet, the surface of the seedling often has a gray-green mold layer. Ye Wei: The lesion is spindle-shaped, the outermost layer is yellow, the inner ring is brown, and the center is grayish white; the brown necrotic lines at both ends of the lesion are extended outwards and strips, and the gray-green mold layer is produced on the back of the lesion. Panicle neck: occurs on the neck of the ear. The diseased area is brown or dark green. The early onset of the neck and neck forms more "all white ears"; in the later case, the grain is not full, and the diseased ear is often folded from the neck to form a hanging neck.
(2) Control measures. 1 seed disinfection: 1% lime water soaking; strong chlorine disinfection. 2 Medicament dipping: 2% tricyclazole wettable powder according to the ratio of 50g to water 25kg, the cockroach is washed and dried, immersed in the liquid for 30s to take out the pile, stuffy for 30min, and then planted. 3 spray control: Once the onset of the leaf lice, the timely use of methyl thiophanate, ethyl thiophanate 1 000 ~ 1500 times spray; can also use Fuji No. 1, generally 750mL / hm2 spray 900kg water. During the maturity stage of rice, no matter whether the field is infected or not, 20% tricyclazole wettable powder 1.5 kg/hm2 is used to control the water 900kg spray once. After the heading, the panicle neck was found, and 900 kg of water was sprayed with Fuji No. 1 500 mL/hm2.
3, borer
The borer worm includes three species: big cockroach, cockroach and cockroach.
(1) Hazard symptoms. All three species are larvae into rice for feeding. In different growth stages of rice, the damaged plants can form dead heart, dead sheath, insect strain, dead ear and white ear. The larvae of the giant salamander are reddish brown; the larvae of the mites are dark brown, with five vertical lines on the back of the body; the larvae of the mites are yellowish green.
(2) Control measures. Prevention and control of borers should be based on agricultural control, supplemented by chemical control. Advocate the mud to cut rice, remove the weeds on the edge of the field and the ditch. For green fertilizer fields and rape fields, we should pour the plough as early as possible to kill the heartworm. It can be sprayed with fine soil with 25% insecticidal double powder 15.0~22.5kg/hm2, or 900kg with 25% insecticidal double water agent 3.75kg/hm2.
4, rice leaf roller
Rice leaf roller, also known as the leaf-leaf, is one of the main pests in our county. Each year, the southwestern airstream is moved into the county from the Indo-China peninsula and the southern China's Hainan and southern Guangdong provinces. The main immigration period is generally from late May to mid-June, and the spawning period is mid-June. The hazard period is from late June to late July.
(1) Hazard symptoms. The larvae are used to harm the larvae. The larvae spin the rice leaves vertically into a tube, and feed the mesophyll to form white streaks. When the damage is serious, the rice leaves are white.
(2) Control measures. Prevention and control should be mastered in the larvae incubation period, the best effect, the third year of the general year is about June 20. It can be used for the control of insecticidal double (concurrent treatment of heartworm) and insecticide.
5, rice rod fly
(1) Hazard symptoms. The larvae are milky white and penetrate into the heart leaves. The heart leaves that have been extracted after the seedlings are damaged have elliptical or long-shaped small holes, and then develop into longitudinal long cracks and the leaves are broken.
(2) Control methods. Spray 900 kg of water with 18% insecticidal double 3.75 kg/hm2.
6, rice planthopper
Rice planthopper is commonly known as "scorpion" and is one of the main pests in our county. The main occurrences of rice fields in our county are white-backed planthoppers and brown planthoppers. Both species of locusts migrated from the southern rice area with the southwesterly airstream. Generally, in the early stage of rice, the white-backed planthopper is dominant, and in the later stage, it is dominated by brown planthopper. That is, the white-backed planthopper is mainly caused by the tillering to the jointing stage.
(1) Hazard symptoms. In the affected fields, the leaves of the rice are yellow, and the tillers are reduced. When the rice is severe, the rice leaves are dead. The brown planthopper is mainly harmful from the booting stage to the maturity stage. When the damage is serious, the base of the rice bush becomes dark brown, and the whole plant is gradually dead. The affected field is often “yellow pondâ€. When it is serious, the whole field is yellow and the shape is like a fire.
(2) Control measures. The control period of the two flying locusts should be started when there are 50 heads/hundreds of worms in the field. The potting agents are Dagongchen, 虱虱çµ, å¶è‰æ•£ and so on.
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