In principle, the FMS processing system should be reliable, automated, efficient, and easy to control. Its practicability, matching and processability are good, and it can meet the requirements of the size range, accuracy and material of the processing object. Therefore, the following points should be considered when selecting.
1. Process concentration, such as the selection of multi-function machine tools, machining centers, etc., to reduce the number of work stations and reduce the logistics burden to ensure processing quality.
2. Strong control function and good extensibility. For example, the modular structure, external communication function and internal management function are strong. There is a built-in programmable controller and a numerical control system with user macro program to facilitate the loading and unloading, detection and other auxiliary. Device connectivity and addition of various auxiliary functions facilitate system adjustment and expansion, as well as reduce the load on the communication network and the superior controller.
3. High rigidity, high precision, high speed, select machine tools with strong cutting function, stable processing quality and high production efficiency.
4. The economical use is good, such as the rail oil can be recycled, the cutting and chip removal processing is fast and thorough, etc., in order to prolong the service life of the tool. Save system operating costs, ensure that the system can be safe, stable, and run unattended for a long time.
5. The operation, reliability and maintainability are good. The operation, maintenance and repair of the machine tool are convenient and the service life is long.
6. Self-protective and self-maintaining. Such as cutting force overload protection, power overload protection, travel and work area restrictions. The guide rails and the relative moving parts are not required to be lubricated or automatically lubricated, and have fault diagnosis and early warning functions.
7. Adaptability and protection to the environment, low temperature, humidity, noise, dust, etc. in the working environment. The performance of various seals is reliable, no leakage, the coolant is not splashed, and the smoke can be removed in time. The odor, noise and vibration are small, and the production environment can be maintained.
8. Others, such as complete technical information, various display, marking, etc. on the machine tool, the machine shape, color is beautiful and coordinated with the system.
2. Introduction to common processing equipment in processing systems
(1) Machining center.
The machining center is an efficient CNC machine tool that has a tool magazine and can automatically change tools according to a predetermined program to process multiple workpieces. Its biggest feature is the concentration of the process and the high degree of automation, which can reduce the number of workpiece clamping, avoid the accumulated error caused by multiple positioning of the workpiece, save the auxiliary time, and achieve high quality and efficient processing.
In practical applications, the boring and milling machining center, which mainly processes the prismatic workpieces, and the turning machining center, which mainly processes the rotary workpieces, are the most common.
The tool magazines in the machining center are basic types such as chain, disc and turret. The chain type tool magazine is characterized by a large amount of stored tools, good expandability, flexible configuration position on the machining center, but complex structure. The characteristics of the disc and turret type magazines are simple construction, proper selection of the magazine location and omitting the tool changer, but the magazine capacity is limited. Depending on the application, the tooling capacity of the machining center can be from a few to several hundred, the most common being 20 to 80. The automatic tool changer of the machining center often uses a common tool changer. The common tool changer has a single arm type, a double arm type, a rotary type, and a track type. Since the two-arm robot can change the knife, the one arm can take the knife from the tool magazine while the other arm pulls the used tool from the machine tool spindle, which can shorten the tool change time and help to make the tool change. The robot is balanced and is widely used. The commonly used two-arm manipulator has a claw structure in the form of a hook, a hand, a telescopic hand, and a fork hand. In addition to the above-mentioned common robot tool change method, there are many robot tool change methods, that is, each knife in the tool magazine has one robot. In addition, there is a direct tool change method without a robot.
The most common refueling device in the machining center is the Automatic Pal1et Changer (APC), which is not only the workpiece conveying interface between the processing system and the logistics system, but also the workpiece buffering station of the logistics system. The pallet changer has two types of rotary and reciprocating according to its movement, as shown in Figure 12-18.
Figure 12-18 How the pallet changer moves
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Liang metalworking Tools Co., Ltd. has more than 200 employees, who have undergone professional technical training and rich production technology experience. The company has self-supporting import and export rights, and more than 90% of its products are exported to Italy, More than 60 countries and regions, including Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Nigeria, India, Iran, South Africa, Japan, Brazil, ELDOR, etc
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