Feeds that are heavily contaminated with mycotoxins should be discarded. For lightly contaminated feeds, the feed standard can be reached after appropriate treatment and can still be used.
1 separation and mixing method for detoxification
The most common method of reducing or eliminating mold contamination is to separate the seeds contaminated with mold. Another method is to mix and dilute the contaminated feed with mycotoxin with uncontaminated feed. It takes a lot of time and labor to use the above methods, and when the pollution is more common, this method has little effect.
2 Detoxification with feed adsorbent
Some minerals are able to adsorb and trap mycotoxins. Such as aluminum silicate, zeolite, bentonite, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and the like. Jindal et al. (1994) found that adding 200 mg/kg of activated carbon to chicken feed containing 500 μg/kg aflatoxin B1 was effective in reducing the harmful effects of toxins. In addition, a large number of foreign reports, the addition of hydrated calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) can significantly reduce the harmful effects of mycotoxins, but the addition of such adsorbents in large amounts will reduce nutrient concentrations.
3 using methionine detoxification
The liver can purify the mycotoxin absorbed by the animal. The purification process is based on the redox reaction of glutathione, and methionine is beneficial to the composition of glutathione. Therefore, the addition of methionine can reduce the growth and other properties of animals. Adverse effects.
4 yeast cell wall preparation detoxification
Some mycotoxins are diluted by the unique sucking ability of the yeast cell wall. The commonly used yeast is Saccha-romyces cerevisiae species 1026 (Yea-Sacc). Laboratory results show that. More than 90% of aflatoxin is bound to the yeast cell wall in the hanging drop reaction. The use of formulated organic adsorbents derived from yeast cell walls may be an important means of controlling mycotoxins in animal feed.
The existing research results show that the extraction of Esterified glucomannans from the yeast cell wall is a good mycotoxin binder. It has a stronger specific affinity for mycotoxins than activated carbon or hydrated calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), so the interference on mineral metabolism is not significant. Diaz et al. (1999) added 500 g/t of esterified glucomannan concentrate to the cow's concentrate mixture to reduce the toxin level of the yellow koji in milk.
5 application of enzyme preparations
The use of enzyme preparations to break down mycotoxins is a new technology. Since most mycotoxins are easily decomposed by being oxidized by microsomes in the liver, a preparation capable of enhancing the activity of enzymes in the metabolism of mycotoxins can be used to accelerate the decomposition of toxins, thereby reducing the harm of toxins. For example, esterases can destroy the lactone ring of zearalenone, while epoxidase can decompose the 12 and 13 epoxy groups of trichothecene.
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