Main pest control of strawberry
1. Pest control. The main pests are: aphids, whitefly, mites, nematodes and so on.
Strawberry nematodes: not visible to the naked eye, need to use a microscope. The insect is harmful to the life of the strawberry, and the most obvious symptoms before and after flowering. The first is to rely on the seedlings, and the second is to rely on the soil. Strawberry nematodes are divided into bud nematodes and root nematodes, and strawberry nematodes are also vectors for viral transmission. Control methods: (1) Removal of the diseased plants, the transmission of nematodes mainly depends on the victim mother plants and stolons, together with the removal, to eliminate the pathogen. (2) Soil disinfection, deep-turning the soil before planting, soil fumigation with chloropicrin, and greenhouse fumigation and closed greenhouse for high temperature steam sterilization. (3) Heat treatment and disinfection, soak the seedlings in 35 °C hot water for 10 minutes before planting, then cool and grow. (4) Rotation, avoiding heavy mites and reducing the damage of nematodes.
Aphids, whitefly, mites: common pests of strawberries, both open and protected. The more excellent the variety, the fruit is delicious, the more susceptible to aphids, the yellow or yellowish green leaves also attract mites. Control methods: (1) reduce the number of wintering eggs, thoroughly clear the garden at the end of autumn, eliminate weeds, and timely remove old dead leaves. (2) Set the yellow plate, apply oil on the plate to trap the cockroach, white powder cockroach, or set the insect net barrier at the air vent, or hang the silver-gray film strip to repel the mites. (3) Release of the Lily wasp to effectively control the whitefly. (4) Fumigation can be carried out with fumigants such as smoked scorpion and dichlorvos. (5) Spraying with pesticides : Aphids can be sprayed with 50% sputum mist or 50% anti-Pu Wei WP 2000 times, 1% or 2 times, 1.8% Sword emulsifiable oil 1000 times spray, 10% of imidacloprid Wet powder 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid, 50% marathon emulsifiable oil 1500 times liquid; white powder è™± can use 25% è™± è™± å¯ WP 2500 times solution, 2.5% cyhalothrin emulsifier 3000 ~ 4000 times liquid; Residual toxicity of the synergistic effect of killing pyrethroids 5000-8000 times liquid spray 2 times, interval 5 days, 20% amitraz emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid or methylamine avermectin benzoate 2000 ~3000 times liquid spray control, once every 10 days. Generally, the medication is stopped two weeks before harvesting.
2. Disease prevention and treatment. The main diseases promoted in the solar greenhouse are: powdery mildew, gray mold, strawberry anthracnose, (ultimate Pythium) rotten fruit disease, strawberry wilt, bud, nematode, virus disease and so on.
Strawberry powdery mildew: mainly invading leaves and tender tips; flowers, fruits, fruit stems and petioles can also be affected. Control methods: (1) Selection of resistant varieties. (2) Clean up the strawberry plants and various weeds in the shed or in the field and then plant them. In the winter and spring, the orchard will be cleaned, the decayed stems and leaves will be burned, and the diseased leaves will be removed in time during the growing season. (3) Reasonable close planting, strengthen soil and fertilizer management, enhance plant growth, and improve their disease resistance. Try not to "separate" each other between fruit growers to avoid artificial spread. (4) Prevent partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, control the length of the person, pay attention to ventilation and ventilation, and prevent excessive humidity after rain. (5) It is found that the diseased vines and diseased fruits should be gently removed as soon as possible in the morning dew, and put into a convenient bag to burn or deep bury (6) Chemical control: grasp the timely drug control in the early stage of the disease. Sulfur fumigation prevention disease technology: The reason why the current strawberry varieties in China are not resistant to powdery mildew, such as Fengxiang, Nufeng, Zhangji, and Ghost, are still large. The main use of sulfur fumigation technology inhibits the harm of powdery mildew. The sulphur fumigation technology is to install a fumigator every 100m2 in the shed. The fumigator contains 20g of sulphur powder with a content of 99g. The fumigating is started after the curtain is covered in the evening. Once every other day, every 4 hours, during which time, observe and observe, when the sulfur powder is insufficient, add it again. The fumigator is suspended 1.5 meters above the ground in the greenhouse. To prevent the sulfur gas from hardening the membrane, an umbrella-shaped waste film can be placed 1 meter above the fumigator to protect the greenhouse film. This method is harmless to bees, but the temperature of the fumigation device should not exceed 280 °C, so as to prevent sulfite from causing phytotoxicity to strawberries. If the night temperature in the shed exceeds 20 °C, the dosage should be reduced. 50% white powder net suspension 600 times solution; 70% methyl thiophanate 1000 times solution; 25% powder rust WP 3,000 ~ 5000 times solution; 50% sterilized 800 times solution, 30% rich Ling 5000 times liquid; 10% Shigao water dispersible granules 2000~2500 times liquid spray control; 40% Fuxing 10000 times liquid; 12.5% ​​nitrile emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times liquid; bactericidal smoker chlorothalonil, smoked spirit It can be mixed with fumigation; once every 7 to 10 days, multiple drugs can be used alternately to prevent resistance.
Strawberry (Ultimate Pythium) Rotten Fruit Disease: The fruit and the near-ground fruit are easy to develop, and the petiole can also be damaged and blackened. Control methods: (1) Choose to shelter the wind from the sunny and high dry land to plant strawberries, and the soil can be disinfected by chloropicrin before planting. (2) can spray 15% manure liquid water 200 times liquid, or 2% agricultural anti-120 water agent 200 times liquid, or 69% Anke manganese zinc wettable powder 1000 times liquid, or 15% carbaryl water agent 400 Double liquid, generally 2 to 3 times can get better results.
Strawberry gray mold: mainly affects leaves, flowers, fruit stalks, flower buds and fruits on strawberries. Control methods: (1) Control the amount of fertilizer, planting density and field humidity, and cover the mulch to prevent the fruit from coming into contact with the soil. Use the US No. 3, red clothing and other disease-resistant varieties, timely remove old, diseased, residual leaves and susceptible inflorescences, and remove the diseased fruit. (2) Inflorescences are exposed to the same amount of Bordeaux mixture 200 times solution or polyoxymycin WP 500 times solution, enemy bacteria WP WP 700-1000 times solution, bacteriostatic WP 500-800 Double liquid, captan WP 800 times liquid, carbendazim WP 600 times liquid, etc., every 10 days until the end of a large number of fruit harvesting. It can also spray 50% speed Keling 800 times liquid, or spray 500 times 65% Daisen zinc wettable powder before flowering. Spray with Shiqingle 40% suspension agent 1200 times, or spray with 50% chlorhexidine 1000 times. (3) Pay attention to the selection of the rotation of the sputum, deep ploughing before planting, sorghum cultivation, medicinal treatment of the soil, and applying 25% carbendazim WP 75-90 kg per hectare before planting, and then the disease prevention effect is good. Protected cultivation can be sterilized by using 45% chlorothalonil tobacco agent 3~3.75 kg/ha or quick kingling fumigant.
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