(1) Nicosulfuron phytotoxicity
After 5-10 days of corn 3-5 stage spraying, the heart of the corn leaves is chlorotic, yellow, or irregular chlorotic spots appear in the leaves. Some of the leaves are curled into a tube shape, the leaf margins are shrunk, and the heart leaves are ox-tailed and cannot be properly withdrawn.
Corn growth is inhibited, plants are dwarfed, and partial clumps and secondary stems may be produced. The light damage can restore normal growth and seriously affect the yield.
(2) 2 methyl 4-chloro sodium salt phytotoxicity
The symptoms of phytotoxicity are mainly the distortion of the leaves, the leaves of the heart are formed into clover-like curls, and the leaves are abnormally elongated, the base of the stem is swollen, the roots of the gas are not grown, and the non-artificial tassels cannot be extracted.
The leaves are dark green, when the plants are short, the leaves become yellow and dry; the ears cannot form on the fruit. Therefore, the ears are often grown at the lower nodes of the plants; the lower nodes are fragile and fragile, the roots are underdeveloped, and the roots are short. The lateral root growth is irregular, which has a great impact on the yield, and even the harvest.
(3) Amide herbicides
Acetochlor is a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, selective pre-emergence soil treatment herbicide that is sprayed on the soil surface before emergence of crops. Gramineous weeds are absorbed by young shoots, broad-leaved weeds are absorbed by roots and shoots, and agents entering the body can interfere with nucleic acid metabolism and protein synthesis, so that the young shoots and young roots stop growing and eventually die.
It can last for about 2 months in the soil. Amide herbicides can inhibit plant respiration and photosynthesis, inhibit protein and RNA biosynthesis, and cause plants to die without producing the substances needed for life;
This type of herbicide can only control the shoots of grass weeds, but can not control adult weeds. The field dosage of alachlor, metolachlor (Dour) and acetochlor is 120-144 grams, 72-144 grams and 25-50 grams of active ingredients per mu (667 square meters); Will cause dwarfing of corn plants;
Some seeds can not be unearthed, growth is inhibited, leaves are deformed, heart leaves are not stretched, sometimes whip, and the remaining leaves are shrunk and the roots are swollen. Soil stickiness, cold and wet plots can promote the formation of phytotoxicity.
(4) Atrazine herbicide phytotoxicity
The triazine herbicide mainly aims to interfere with the inhibition of photosynthesis by affecting a series of physiological and biochemical processes in the plant, so that the weed seedlings can not be photosynthetically used, and it is difficult to supplement the necessary organic nutrients and starve to death;
This type of herbicide can effectively control annual grass weeds and broadleaf weeds in the field, and it is safe to use in corn fields. The main application varieties are atrazine (Atrazine), Caojingjin, cyanazine, etc.
The field use is 67-100 grams and 120-160 grams per mu (667 square meters). However, in the sandy soil with low organic matter content (less than 2.0%) or heavy rain after application, it can cause leaching phytotoxicity.
It is used in the 5th leaf stage of corn seedlings, and it will also cause phytotoxicity to corn under low temperature and rainy conditions. It is characterized by yellowing of corn leaves. Generally, after 10-15 days, the leaf color can turn green and return to normal growth.
Corn remedy solution
The remedial measures that can be taken in the phytotoxicity of corn are mainly to improve the growth conditions of crops, promote crop growth and enhance their resistance to stress.
If farming measures are taken, the soil is loosened, and the ground temperature and soil aeration are increased. According to the growth of the crop, supplement some quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or other micro-fertilizer. Foliar fertilization is better, and fertilizer effect is faster.
It is also possible to spray some plant growth regulators that encourage and encourage growth , especially for root growth. But it must be applied according to the needs of the crop, otherwise it will be counterproductive.
If there is water on the ground, it should be eliminated early; if pests and diseases occur, it should be prevented as soon as possible. In short, as long as measures are conducive to crop growth and development, it is beneficial to alleviate phytotoxicity and reduce losses.
(1) For the soil-treated herbicides, the phytotoxicity caused by excessive dosage can be used to reduce the phytotoxicity by cultivating, continuous irrigation, and repeated rinsing, and a certain amount of lime powder can be applied during watering. It is used to neutralize the acidic herbicide, thereby washing out the residual agent and reducing the residual herbicide content in the soil. At the same time, strengthen field management and enhance corn resistance.
(2) Strengthen field management and promote early growth of seedlings. It is necessary to strengthen the management of corn fields where phytotoxicity occurs, combined with watering, increase the application of decomposing quick-acting fertilizers such as animal waste, hydrogen carbonate money, nitric acid money, urea, etc., promote root development and regeneration, restore the physiological functions of the damaged corn, and promote Healthy growth of crops to reduce the harm of herbicides to crops;
Strengthen cultivating loose soil, break soil compaction, enhance soil permeability, increase ground temperature, promote beneficial microbial activities, accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients, enhance the absorption capacity of roots for nutrients and water, and restore plant growth and development as soon as possible, reducing phytotoxicity Loss.
At the same time, it can also spray 1%-2% urea, or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to promote the growth and development of the crop and restore growth as soon as possible.
(3) Spraying plant growth regulators or antidote to different agents . Plant growth regulators have a good stimulating effect on corn growth and development. At the same time, zinc, iron, aluminum and other micro-fertilizers and foliar fertilizers can be used to promote crop growth and effectively reduce phytotoxicity.
Commonly used plant growth regulators are gibberellic acid, eucalyptus vinegar, sodium nitrophenolate.
Herbicide antidote can reduce or eliminate the toxicity of herbicides to crops. For example, tea is a selective seed dressing protectant that can be absorbed by seeds and inhibits damage to crops in roots and leaves. These drugs can protect corn from acetochlor, butachlor, and isoamylamine. The damage of the herbicide.
(4) Promptly remedy the destruction. For heavier phytotoxics, targeted remedies should be taken as soon as possible on the basis of identifying the causes of phytotoxicity. If there is no remedy for serious phytotoxicity, it is necessary to hurry to replant, replant and compensate for losses.
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