Abstract After two European scientists won the Nobel Prize for studying graphene, in just a few months, graphene is gaining popularity around the world because of its potential to trigger a new round of material revolution. When Sichuan Jinlu Resin Co., Ltd. announced the cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to develop graphene, the domestic army...
After two European scientists won the Nobel Prize for studying graphene, in just a few months, graphene has been popular around the world for its potential to trigger a new round of material revolution. When Sichuan Jinlu Resin Co., Ltd. announced the cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to develop graphene, the heat of graphene in various domestic army reached its climax. It seems that domestic enterprises and foreign countries have started at the same time in this new product, which is known as a revolution in the new material industry and has the potential to change the pattern of the downstream industry. However, when the reporter recently conducted an interview on this, many experts and business leaders said that the investment risk of graphene is very high, and the industry should be cautious.
Revolutionary graphene
After interviewing a number of experts and relevant technical personnel, the reporter learned that graphene is a nano-scale material formed by a single carbon atom arranged in a hexagonal shape. Because there is only one carbon atom layer, its thickness is about 0.34 nm. One hundred thousandth of the diameter of the hair. It is such a material that is invisible to the naked eye, but it is expected to revolutionize the traditional and emerging fields such as the semiconductor industry, the photovoltaic industry, lithium-ion batteries, and next-generation displays due to its outstanding characteristics in terms of conductivity and toughness. Breakthrough.
First, graphene is expected to make computer processors run hundreds of times faster. As the most important raw material in the semiconductor industry, silicon has the title of “the cornerstone of the microelectronic buildingâ€. Once this cornerstone is replaced by graphene, the computer will run at a qualitative speed.
Researcher Zhang Guangyu, who is engaged in graphene research at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters that due to the limitations of the material itself, it is difficult to continue to improve after the silicon-based processor reaches 3 GHz at room temperature. The carrier mobility of silicon (that is, the measure of the speed of carrier movement under the electric field) is only 1000~2000cm2/Vs, and the index of graphene can reach hundreds of thousands or even millions. One of the substances with the highest carrier mobility. This feature means that once graphene can replace or partially replace silicon, computer processors are expected to run at speeds of 100 GHz or even 1000 GHz.
Secondly, graphene is expected to revolutionize touch screen and display products, producing foldable, telescopic display devices. Zhang Guangyu said that graphene is both transparent and conductive, making it a very large potential as a transparent conductive film, which is an important part of touch screens and LED displays.
It is understood that the current transparent conductive film material in such products is mainly indium tin oxide, but indium tin oxide is relatively inferior to graphene, which affects the image effect when folded or stretched. Graphene can be used to form a foldable or even stretchable display device after replacing indium tin oxide. At present, the research on the application of graphene in this field by foreign scientific research institutions is relatively hot and progress is also great. Prior to the Nobel Prize last year, researchers at South Korea's Samsung and Sungkyunkwan University have produced flexible transparent displays consisting of multiple layers of graphene and fiberglass polyester sheets. Once the touch screen is capable of mass production, the researchers believe that in theory people can roll up the phone and then leave it behind the ear like a pencil.
Thirdly, graphene can promote the development of supercapacitors, making the same volume of capacitors expand more than 5 times the capacity. At present, global supercapacitors have been used in digital cameras, electric vehicle systems, transformer substations, smart water meters, solar power and wind power generation.
It is understood that the supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device between the traditional capacitor and the rechargeable battery, which can be charged in a few seconds, and the capacity can reach several hundred or even thousands of farads. Supercapacitors store charge through the surface of the conductor. The larger the effective surface area suitable for electron collection, the greater the capacity. Graphene has an ultra-large specific surface area, and the single-layer graphene has a specific surface area of ​​2630 m 2 /g, which is an ideal supercapacitor energy storage material. Experiments have shown that a supercapacitor using graphene as an electrode can produce a capacity of more than 6 times that of a capacitor of the same volume.
In addition, graphene can greatly improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries. At present, graphite-based carbon materials have become the most mainstream electrode materials for lithium batteries, and the addition of graphene to lithium battery electrodes can greatly improve the electrical conductivity. Experiments have shown that graphene can be applied to the negative electrode material of lithium battery, and its specific capacity can reach 540mAh/g or more. If carbon nanotubes are incorporated therein, the specific capacity of the negative electrode can reach 730mAh/g, and the current common man-made The specific capacity of the graphite anode is only 370 mAh/g.
In addition, graphene is expected to be used to make paper-thin ultra-light aircraft materials, ultra-tough body armor, and "space elevator" cables in these areas because of its ten-fold strength beyond steel. Will lead to a revolutionary breakthrough.
The pursuit of the ups and downs
The magical nature of graphene, after its reputation for the Nobel Prize, the country immediately set off a wave of pursuit. It seems that it seems that in this revolutionary new product, Chinese companies must lead the world.
Since the Nobel Prize was promulgated last year, all listed companies that have been on the top of graphene, whether it is taking advantage of the speculation or not, have become the focus of the market.
After a senior executive of Shenzhen Beitui New Energy Materials Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China Baoan Group, announced that the company was involved in graphene in a forum, China Baoan’s share price rose from 10.75 yuan, rising to 19.16 yuan more than a month later. Afterwards, China Baoan announced that it has completed a small test of the graphene preparation process, and has submitted a patent for the technical invention of the product. The next day, the stock will quickly hit the daily limit in the market with low opening and low walking, leading the market out. Adjustment.
Following China's Baoan, Gansu Fangda Carbon New Materials Co., Ltd., Sinosteel Jilin Carbon Co., Ltd., ST Nanfeng, Anhui Lihe Co., Ltd. and other listed companies involved in the concept of graphene have all seen a surge in stock prices. The extent to which graphene is sought after in the country is evident.
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