Autumn soybean is a season of soybeans that are grown in the autumn and autumn before and after the harvest of the spring crops such as rice and corn. The development of autumn soybeans allows farmers to increase their income and fertilize the soil. The cultivation techniques of autumn soybeans without pollution and high yield are briefly introduced as follows:
1. Choosing excellent varieties: selecting early-maturing varieties with excellent quality, high yield, strong resistance, wide adaptability and short growth period.
2, land selection, land preparation: choose an altitude of 400 meters below sea level, harvest rice paddy field or dry soil, especially in oil sand or semi-sand semi-mud. Pay attention to the ditch in the paddy field, and avoid the stain on the surface of the car.
3, grab the wet (resistance to drought) grab no-till sowing, straw cover, to ensure the emergence of seedlings: rice fields after the rice harvest (smooth cutting rice pile) immediately ditching wet and no-till seeding, straw cover moisturizing. The cultivation of autumn soybeans in dry land should ensure that the soil is fully moistened. After the rain, the seeds are covered with straw and covered with straw to ensure emergence. If the drought is heavy and the soil is too dry, it is necessary to take the (pumping) water and sown after running.
4. Strict seeding density: suitable seeding density is 1.2 to 15,000 litters per mu, 3 to 4 per litter, and 2 to 3 fixed seedlings.
5. Mixing bacteria and fertilizing: Mixing and fertilizing is the key technology for obtaining high yield of autumn soybean. Before sowing, use rhizobium with a small amount of sediment or calcium magnesium phosphate to mix the seeds evenly. Take the white nest sowing, use the ash ash slag fertilizer (stacked for more than half a month) 800 ~ 1000 kg and add phosphate fertilizer 25 ~ 40 kg to mix and cover. If the soil is dry or heavy, the use of clear manure water plus phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer or white nest sowing should be immediately applied with clear manure water plus phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. 10 to 15 days after sowing, 2000 kg of water manure plus 5 kg of urea should be applied to the seedlings. Foliar application of ammonium phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate before and after flowering.
6. Weeding: The grass in the autumn soybean field is heavier. It should be cultivated in time or weeded or chemically weeded. The day before the sowing, the acetochlor can be used before the sowing or the seedlings can be used with high efficiency. ) Control weeds.
7. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: The control of insects is the key technology for the success or failure of autumn soybeans. For 7 to 10 days of sowing, 10% imidacloprid or worms must be used to control soybean flies and leaf miners. Pay attention to the control of the damage of soybean leafhopper after about 25 days of sowing. In the end of flowering period, we should control the pods and aphids in time, and we should pay attention to the prevention and control of rodents in the field. Flowers and pods should pay attention to the prevention and control of rust if the temperature is rainy.
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