(De Gow International Trading (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044) Application of Underground Outdoor Wall Waterproofing Project, Repair of Underground Interior Walls, Seepage Control of Road Subgrade, etc. Two examples of engineering applications of “special sealed†products are listed. .
0 Foreword In recent years, under the guidance of the country’s policy of economic development, China’s national economy has maintained rapid and steady growth. Residential construction has become China’s new consumer hot spot and new economic growth point, and the housing industry has also become One of the important industries of the national economy. The development of the housing industry and the increase in investment by the state have promoted the demand for waterproof materials in the market. The sales volume of waterproof materials has increased year by year. Polymer-modified bituminous waterproofing membranes have been the most prominent ones. They are mainly used in roofing and underground constructions. The amount of underground works is relatively largest.
In construction projects, the quality of waterproofing projects has always been a long-standing problem. The quality of waterproofing membranes, the quality of construction workers, and the protection of finished products for waterproofing membranes are all important factors that directly affect the quality of underground waterproofing projects. This article mainly introduces the application of high density polyethylene (HDPE) building drainage protection membranes in planting roofing greening projects and underground outdoor wall waterproofing projects.
About TEMA TEMAS.rl is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Italian De Gauva company, headquartered in V.Veneto, Italy's TREVISO province. It currently produces HDPE material for building drainage protection products, including the “Special Seal†series, “ The "Yanzao Da" series, "Moe Wet" series, KMAT, QDRAIN, KROOF, etc., are mainly used for roof gardens, underground outdoor wall protection, railway and highway subgrade, tunnels and other waterproof projects. With four plants in Italy, Russia, Spain and Turkey, TEMA is one of Europe's largest manufacturers of HDPE construction drainage protection coils.
Application of HDPE construction drainage protection membrane in various projects 2.1 Planting roofing greening project In Europe, planting roofing has been rooted in people's minds as a mature and perfect architectural roof pattern, from the roof of commercial office buildings. On the roof of the country house, you can see the greening of the roof. Promoting the planting of roofs in cities has the following advantages: it has a certain degree of mitigation effect on the urban “heat island effectâ€; it is conducive to increasing the oxygen content in the urban atmosphere; 3) absorbing harmful substances and reducing atmospheric pollution; 4) regulating the ecological environment and beautifying Urban landscape; 5) Absorb city noise and improve quality of life.
In Europe, people attach great importance to the safety and reliability of construction waterproofing. After waterproof construction is completed, the protection of the waterproof material is a very important and necessary procedure, because even if the waterproof material and the construction process are very good, if you do not pay attention to the protection of the finished product of the waterproof project, then the waterproof material will be available during the subsequent construction process. There is a danger of destruction. Therefore, the protective material used to protect the waterproof material HDPE building drainage protection membrane appeared.
In order to protect the effect of waterproof material, HDPE drainage protection membrane is usually made of concave and convex structure, which also plays the role of drainage for planting roof. According to the drainage flow requirement, the projection height of the drainage protection web can be made into the form of several millimeters to several centimeters. With the continuous development of the functions of drainage protection membranes, products with water storage functions have also been derived, such as the China Moisture Prevention and Replenishment 2006 supplement issued by TEMA.
HDPE material for building drainage protection material is used as a kind of waterproof engineering supporting material in planting roofing project, mainly to perform the following functions: To replace the traditional roof waterproofing method of traditional fine stone concrete protection layer, usually at the end of waterproofing membrane construction After that, in order to protect the waterproof material from damage, fine stone concrete protective layer is laid on the top of the waterproof material. However, this approach has slow construction progress, high labor costs, and the danger of damaging the waterproof membrane during construction. The emergence of HDPE drainage protection membranes has solved this problem very well. Because HDPE coils are packaged in rolls, light in weight and easy to handle (with supporting edge profiles), two workers can lay up to several thousand square meters a day. .
Excluding Excess Water in Roof In the more rainy regions in the South, the annual rainfall exceeds 800mm. If the water in the soil of the planting roof is long-term supersaturated and the plants are apt to rot, the excess water must be exported in time. Therefore, it is necessary to select an HDPE roll with a suitable raised height according to the displacement, with the raised surface facing upward, and the filter geomembrane laid on the roll, so that a drainage space is formed between the roll and the geotextile to achieve the role of auxiliary drainage. For HDPE webs with a raised height of less than 10mm, a hard underlay should be placed on top to prevent the effective drainage height between the plant-compacted geotextile and the HDPE web.
Prevention of Plant Root Damage Waterproof layer The plant root must have the ability to penetrate the ordinary bituminous waterproof layer. Therefore, in the planting roofing project, the root barrier material must be laid in the upper part of the bituminous waterproof layer. The “Technical Specification for Planting Roof Engineering†under development states that high-density polyethylene sheets with a thickness greater than or equal to 1.2 mm can be used as a root-resisting material; HDPE coils with a thickness less than 1.2 mm can be used for planting where some plant root systems are not well-developed. Engineering, such as plants for ornamental flowers and short grass.
The raised surface of the HDPE drainage protection membrane is facing downwards. The groove can be used as a water storage tank and a geotextile drainage layer is laid on the upper part of the HDPE drainage protection membrane. In this case, the rainwater can accumulate rainwater in the storage tank when the moisture in the soil is reduced. Give supplements, reduce artificial irrigation and save urban water.
It is worth noting that due to the non-standard HDPE material for building drainage protection materials, the function of this material has not been properly understood and even its function has been exaggerated. For instance, it can replace the asphalt waterproof layer and its protective layer. Such as this, although in the short term may increase the sales of this product, but from the long-term development of the market, this approach will reduce or even destroy the product market.
2.2 Underground outdoor wall waterproofing engineering When architects are doing underground waterproof engineering design, the flexible waterproof layer is usually made on the outside of the structure (ie, the surface of the water), which can effectively prevent the penetration of water into the room, but also for the main body of the structure. Durability provides a certain guarantee. Despite this, traces of dampness are still often seen in the basement, or there is water infiltration and their source cannot be determined. These problems may be caused by the following factors: 1) Cracks, subsidence, and rupture of the protective layer caused by drainage and backfilling of the external walls of the underground; 2) Vapor contained in the air may condense on the wall, in which case the walls It is in direct contact with the soil.
At present, most of the basement leaks are caused by the failure of the waterproofing of the underground outdoor wall or the waterproof layer. Therefore, the protection of the external wall waterproof layer during construction is a very important procedure. GB50208-2002 "Code for Quality Acceptance of Underground Waterproofing Projects" stipulates that: After the waterproofing layer of coiled material is completed and the experience is accepted, the protective layer shall be prepared in time. The protective layer of the side wall shall adopt polystyrene plastic protective layer or bricklaying protection wall (side Bricklaying and filling) 30mm thick cement mortar. In the actual construction project, taking into account the construction cost and construction progress, the practice of applying polystyrene plastic protective panels is the most common. However, the adoption of these three protection methods has certain limitations, and the emergence of HDPE drainage protection membranes can solve these problems. It has the following functions: Protection of asphalt waterproof membranes from impact damage Local outdoor wall waterproofing using flexible asphalt waterproof In the case of coils, the protective layer must be applied immediately after the waterproof layer is finished. The HDPE drainage protection membrane is laid on the surface of the waterproof layer. Due to its concave-convex structure, it can prevent the hard material from directly hitting the asphalt membrane when filling the backfill material, thus providing good isolation and protection.
The rapid accumulation of water in the ground soil of the external walls of the underground water wall of the underground outdoor wall will lead to: 1) long-term lateral pressure of the foundation on the sidewalls; 2) excessive water pressure may easily cause waterproofing in the basement Layer leakage. Therefore, the foundation water must be drained in time. Put the convex side of HDPE drainage protection board outwards and lay a filter soil geotextile on the surface (polyester or polypropylene is recommended) to form a gap between the geotextile and the drainage protection board. The stagnant water can quickly divert to the base of the foundation through the drainage protection board through the geotextile and then be discharged from the centralized drainage pipe at the root of the foundation to the underground water pipe network system. In areas with large rainfall, HDPE drainage protection panels with corresponding raised heights can be selected according to the displacement requirements.
In areas with small rainfall, there is no case of excessive accumulation of water in the foundation. Then we recommend that the convex side of the HDPE drainage protection plate be oriented towards the waterproof layer of the external wall of the basement. The cavity and ventilation formed between the wall and the soil will be maintained. The walls are dry and increase heat resistance, which improves indoor comfort. In fact, evaporation of condensed moisture on the wall is one of the necessary conditions to prevent condensation in the room.
After years of experience in Europe, it has been proved that HDPE drainage protection boards are generally accepted by waterproof construction units and construction contractors because of their simple construction, long product service life, light weight, and ease of transportation and storage. At present, more than 80% of buildings in Europe use this material for waterproof protection, replacing traditional polystyrene plastic plates and bricks.
The “TEFOND†Series HDPE Drainage Protection Products manufactured by TEMA, a subsidiary of Degva Corporation of Italy, are used in underground outdoor wall waterproofing projects and compared with ordinary HDPE drainage protection boards. Has the following characteristics: type, so that "special sealing" connection between the sheet without the use of nails or other adhesives to help, just the lap joint between the coils, and then use the rubber to insert smashing can be completed.
Asphalt self-adhesive sealing tape TEMA placed two asphalt self-adhesive strips in the middle of the “specially sealed†double-loop lap fasteners, which can ensure the tightness of the joints, thus, the anti-seepage function.
With the coiled "TEFOND" product, it has good continuity and no horizontal seams. The advantage of firm installation is that it can be fixed only at the top and bottom of the coil to avoid drilling on the wall.
2.3 Application in other projects TEMA continues to research and exploit the application of HDPE drainage protection board products in the construction field. The material can also be used in the following projects: Repair of underground interior walls After leakage occurs in the local lower room, the damp interior wall will There is a moldy phenomenon. Using the "special seal" product's concave-convex structure, it is laid on the surface of the inner wall, and then a decorative panel is placed outside the "special seal" product, and the air circulation pores are left in the upper and lower parts of the decorative panel. The annoying mildew can be eliminated, and the air can enter the hollow layer formed by the “specially sealed†product and the wall to guide the condensed water away and keep the wall dry.
During the initial period of building completion, the absorption of water by building materials will have adverse consequences, especially in the floor structure of the middle floor. If the floor materials are not well isolated, the water will be completely absorbed and the building materials will be issued. Bad odors, floor deformations, noises when walking, etc. The HDPE drainage protection board is laid under the floor material, so that the floor and the upper facing material are isolated to form a cavity, and the moisture in the building material is led out through the preset ventilation holes, and these hidden troubles can be eliminated.
Flat roof protection and anti-seepage roof The usual waterproof material for bituminous roofs is bituminous waterproof membranes. If it is a roof, then a protective layer of mineral material, such as gravel or tile, should be laid on the waterproof material. When laying these materials, if the waterproof material is damaged, the roof will leak. TEMA's "TEFONDPLUS" coils can solve this problem well: 1 protect the 2006 supplement of Chinese building waterproof and waterproof materials from being destroyed; 2 provide secondary imperviousness and further prevent roof leakage; 3 is Various decorative materials on the flat roof provide a good support surface; 4 lead the seepage of the roof towards the drain.
Impervious and drainage of road embankment In the road engineering structure, the damage of the road surface over time and the destruction of the entire subgrade supporting structure is very worthy of attention. These damages include expansion, poor materials, water, accidental stress, concentrated loads and intensive Deformation caused by traffic. For the construction of road structures on poor soil (clay, peat soil or silt in the presence of water), in order to ensure traffic safety, it is necessary to exclude the water drawn in by the capillary action and the inhalation of water on the road surface.
The TEFONDHP product developed and produced by TEMA is a new type of material that can be used for impervious road structures because of its good composite properties. Located in TECHNOPROVE International, Vicenza, Italy.
4 Project examples Table 1 Geometric characteristics and mechanical properties of “specially sealed†products Standard value Error length/m Width/mm Ho Sheet thickness/mm Special product height/mm standard value Error Unit mass/(g/m2) Roll area/m2 roll mass/kg machine detection value Test standard Compression strength/(kN/m2) Mechanical tensile strength/(N/5cm) Specific transverse tensile strength/(N/5cm) Air content/ (Lmg) Throughout the world, TEMA has completed thousands of successful cases. These projects include civil construction projects, commercial construction projects, and special projects (roads, tunnels, etc.). Two project examples are described below.
4.1 "Special Seal Pulu" (TEFONDPLUS) Applied to the impermeable site of the outdoor wall of the basement: Milan, Italy; Time: July 1996; Material selection problem: The seepage prevention of the basement wall is a problem worthy of attention. When selecting materials, Must pay attention to its anti-seepage function will not weaken with the passage of time. The main reason for the dampness and seepage of the underground walls is that the rainwater flows into the ground and the walls, and the walls come into contact with the damp soil. Once the building is completed, solving the wetness and seepage of the wall is a difficult solution: a waterproof wall can be placed between the building and the soil. This waterproof material can resist external stress and ensure continuous waterproof along the outer wall surface. performance. In the absence of flowing water, TE-FONDPLUS has the function of waterproofing the entire wall. When the raised surface of the material is facing the wall, the cavity formed between the wall and the soil can keep the wall dry and enhance the heat resistance. The water infiltrated into the soil encountered a barrier consisting of TEFONDPLUS and was discharged into a drain near the base.
4.2 "TEFONDDRAIN" Drainage and resistance for roof gardens Location: Shenzhen, China Time: March 1999 Material selection: Question: A complete roof garden can be divided into two parts: roof insulation And protection structure, plants, isolation and protection structures are part of the building, plants may vary according to the type required.The roof garden waterproof layer must have the following functions: waterproof, compression resistance, root puncture, hydrolysis resistance, Environmental resistance and chemical media and organisms in plants.
The standards vary according to their requirements; after considering the barrier layer for rice, it is necessary to determine how to set up the drainage system.
Energy, mechanically connected to a closed layer, ensures the formation of a continuous waterproof layer. TEFONDDRAIN is laid directly on top without any mechanical fixing. The cavity between the polyethylene film and the geotextile becomes a space in which excess water can be filtered and removed because the roof plate is inclined. When using traditional sprinkler irrigation or drip irrigation methods, in order to prevent plant root damage, TEFON DDRAIN needs to be fixed on the ground with a special modified profile to prevent water from seeping into the cavity.
Lang Yubing, male, born in April 1967, bachelor degree, graduated from Beijing Business School. Since 1990, he has been engaged in the promotion and sales of building materials products. From 1990 to 2000, he served in the China Import and Export Corporation for Building Materials and Equipment and was assigned to work in Cambodia. He is responsible for the import, export, and sales of cement and ceramic products in Southeast Asia. In 2000, he joined the representative office of De Geva Co., Ltd. in Beijing, and was appointed as the chief representative of De Gauva Company's Beijing Representative Office. He is responsible for marketing the products of De Geva's products in China. In July 2006, De Gow International Trading (Beijing) Co., Ltd. was established and was authorized as a legal representative and general manager of the company. Lian Zheng Dabao, male, born in June 1979, bachelor degree, graduated from Hebei University of Engineering and is now the technical manager of De Gauva International Trade (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
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