The grounding system is an important part of the equipment room environment. It not only directly affects the communication quality of the communication equipment in the equipment room and the normal operation of the power supply system of the equipment room, but also protects personal safety and equipment safety.
The grounding system consists of a grounding body, a grounding lead-in wire, a grounding wire or a grounding tandem row, and grounding wiring. The resistance of the grounding system is mainly determined by the soil resistance near the grounding body. If the soil resistivity is high and the grounding resistance is less than 4 ohms, the method of manually reducing the grounding resistance must be used.
1, room grounding system design goals when using dispersion <br> <br> grounding, the grounding resistance requirements are as follows:
(1) Working grounding resistance ≤ 2Ω
(2) Protective earthing resistance ≤ 4Ω
(3) Lightning protection grounding resistance ≤10Ω
Requirements for the grounding system:
1. The direct current grounding resistance of the computer system is less than 4 ohms. 2. The DC grounding resistance of the computer system is less than 1 ohm. 3. The grounding resistance of the AC working grounding system is less than 4 ohms. 4. The computer system safety protection grounding resistance and electrostatic grounding are less than 2 ohms. Thunder protection grounding system grounding resistance is less than 2 ohms
2, the type of ground <br> <br> ground work: the use of the land as a protective grounding wire loop work: the use of the land to establish a unified reference potential or act as a shield so that the circuit is stable, good quality, in particular to ensure that equipment And the safety of the staff.
Repeated grounding: Metally connect multiple points on the zero line to the ground multiple times.
Electrostatic grounding: The movement of the equipment or the movement of objects in the pipeline, the static electricity generated by friction, which accumulates on the pipes, containers and storage or processing equipment, forming a high potential, which is dangerous to personal safety and to equipment and buildings. Static grounding is done. Once static electricity is generated, it is introduced into the ground to eliminate the possibility of its accumulation.
DC working ground (also called logic grounding, signal grounding): computer and all micro-electric equipment, most of which use CMOS integrated circuits, work under low DC voltage, in order to make the working system of the same system computer, microelectronic equipment With the same "potential" reference point, the "zero" potential point of all devices is connected to the same grounding device, which can stabilize the potential of the circuit and prevent external interference. This is called DC working ground.
Lightning protection grounding: In order to make the lightning surge current leak into the earth, the protected object is protected from the surge and overcurrent caused by direct lightning or inductive lightning. All buildings, electrical equipment, lines, networks, etc. Part, metal sheath, lightning arrester and all water and gas pipelines should be connected to the lightning protection grounding device.
Grounding construction plan 1
1. Dig a 1.6m deep pit down at the selected location;
2. Insert a 2.2m long copper pole with a pointed shape at the lower end;
3. The spacing between adjacent grounding bodies (one) is 5m, and the distance between buildings is 1.5m;
4. Connect a flat copper 40×4mm connection between adjacent grounding bodies;
5. When entering the grounding body, it will stop at 2.0m;
6. Use 40×4mm flat copper to weld to the grounding body and connect to the busbar into the machine room;
Copper grounding material <br> <br> flat copper salt with an auxiliary ground electrode bus charcoal powder size 600 × 50mm40 × 4mmΦ20 amount 25mm2 × 100m or Φ50
This scheme generally measures the grounding resistance by about 1∽3Ω.
<br> <br> equipotential bonding at room anti-static floor, disposed along the upper surface 40 * 3 copper row, form a closed loop grounding bus busbar. Metal parts and systems (equipment of the equipment) that pass through the junction of each lightning protection zone, such as the metal casing of the distribution box, the power supply ground, the lightning arrester ground, the cabinet casing, the metal shielded trunking, the doors and windows, and the isolation frame under the anti-static floor Perform multi-point equipotential grounding to enter the busbar. A wire clamp fastened with a 4-10 mm2 copper core wire bolt of an equipotential bonding wire is used as a connecting material. At the same time, the main reinforcement of the building was found in the machine room. After testing, it was connected well with the lightning protection belt. The f14 galvanized round steel was connected to the grounding busbar through the copper-iron conversion joint.
Frequently Asked Questions about Shielded Wiring Systems: Is the use of shielding systems dangerous?
A: No. If a TN-S system is used, the system is as safe as an unshielded twisted pair system. Poor grounding or poor power distribution systems can affect a variety of copper cabling systems. If using a TNC or TN-C system. Current will appear on the PE(N) line. If it is a shielded system, current will appear at the shield and the reference potential. If an unshielded twisted pair system is used, current will appear at the reference potential. When a lightning strike occurs, the damage to the shielding system is much lower than that of the unshielded twisted pair system.
Q: I have a TN-C or TN-CS system. How do I use the cabling system?
A: First measure the current on the PE in the power distribution system. If the potential difference is higher than 1V, equipotential lines should be installed between the distribution points. A more efficient method is to change the power distribution system. In both cases, the PEN line causes many problems.
Q: Should the shield be connected at one end or the shield at both ends?
A: It should always be connected at both ends (ie, on the patch panel and network equipment, not on the socket) to effectively suppress all electromagnetic compatibility mechanisms and avoid antenna effects.
Q: Do you have to use metal partitions in the cable ducts of the shielding system?
A: It is only required when the pipe length is more than 35 meters. For unshielded twisted pair systems, metal partitions must always be used.
Q: Is it sufficient to use an FTP cable? Is it better to use a PiMF cable?
A: From the point of view of electromagnetic compatibility and performance, PiMF cable is the best solution.
Q: Does lightning strike also affect the unshielded twisted pair system?
A: Yes. Without any lightning protection system, the magnetic flux will be very strong, causing the pairs in the unshielded twisted pair cable to not suppress the signal. Compared to shielded systems, lightning near the structure causes a 10,000-fold higher probability of internal system failure. This is described in IEC62305-2/FDIS.
Q: Can an unshielded twisted pair system meet electromagnetic compatibility requirements?
A: It is possible. There is no standard for electromagnetic compatibility of wiring systems today. Therefore, from a system perspective, there are no restrictions that must be met. The EMC Directive only requires the owner to be responsible for not interfering with other systems and not being disturbed by other systems. Some tests have shown that unshielded twisted pair systems cannot meet the requirements of EN55022B. The standard is for residential and office environments.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system. Do I need a grounding system?
A: Yes. Grounding is for safety. All electrical equipment within the SELV must be grounded at voltages above 25VAC, 60VDC or voltage. Even for fiber optic installations, a well-designed, fully functional grounding system is a must.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system. Do I need an equipotential bonding system?
A: Yes. Equipotential bonding is for safety and all electrical installations must have equipotential bonding. In addition, it can improve electromagnetic compatibility. This applies to a variety of wiring systems.
Q: My system supplier provides an electromagnetic compatibility guarantee/compliance guarantee for my cabling system. Does this mean that I have fulfilled my responsibilities?
A: No. If the system is active, there is currently no clear meaning.
Q: My unshielded twisted pair system is wired and twisted for protection. Is this enough to effectively suppress interference?
A: No. Intertwisting reduces interference but does not effectively eliminate interference. Intertwisting does not inhibit electromagnetic radiance. This is more serious if the cable is stretched or flattened during installation. Because the geometry is no longer uniform.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system and want to improve my electromagnetic compatibility. how should I do?
A: The most effective way is to incorporate cables and components into the shielding environment. This environment can be shielded cable ducts and channels. Shielded racks and patch panels provide some basic protection. Note: All components must be connected to the equipotential bonding system.
Q: I have a shielding system and want to use unshielded patch cords. is it possible?
A: The system can work like a shielded patch cord. However, since there is no complete connection to the ground (only connected on the wiring board), there is no electromagnetic interference suppression capability. Therefore, shielded patch cords should always be used.
Q: What is the difference between grounding and grounding?
A: There is no difference, just two words of the same object.
The grounding system consists of a grounding body, a grounding lead-in wire, a grounding wire or a grounding tandem row, and grounding wiring. The resistance of the grounding system is mainly determined by the soil resistance near the grounding body. If the soil resistivity is high and the grounding resistance is less than 4 ohms, the method of manually reducing the grounding resistance must be used.
1, room grounding system design goals when using dispersion <br> <br> grounding, the grounding resistance requirements are as follows:
(1) Working grounding resistance ≤ 2Ω
(2) Protective earthing resistance ≤ 4Ω
(3) Lightning protection grounding resistance ≤10Ω
Requirements for the grounding system:
1. The direct current grounding resistance of the computer system is less than 4 ohms. 2. The DC grounding resistance of the computer system is less than 1 ohm. 3. The grounding resistance of the AC working grounding system is less than 4 ohms. 4. The computer system safety protection grounding resistance and electrostatic grounding are less than 2 ohms. Thunder protection grounding system grounding resistance is less than 2 ohms
2, the type of ground <br> <br> ground work: the use of the land as a protective grounding wire loop work: the use of the land to establish a unified reference potential or act as a shield so that the circuit is stable, good quality, in particular to ensure that equipment And the safety of the staff.
Repeated grounding: Metally connect multiple points on the zero line to the ground multiple times.
Electrostatic grounding: The movement of the equipment or the movement of objects in the pipeline, the static electricity generated by friction, which accumulates on the pipes, containers and storage or processing equipment, forming a high potential, which is dangerous to personal safety and to equipment and buildings. Static grounding is done. Once static electricity is generated, it is introduced into the ground to eliminate the possibility of its accumulation.
DC working ground (also called logic grounding, signal grounding): computer and all micro-electric equipment, most of which use CMOS integrated circuits, work under low DC voltage, in order to make the working system of the same system computer, microelectronic equipment With the same "potential" reference point, the "zero" potential point of all devices is connected to the same grounding device, which can stabilize the potential of the circuit and prevent external interference. This is called DC working ground.
Lightning protection grounding: In order to make the lightning surge current leak into the earth, the protected object is protected from the surge and overcurrent caused by direct lightning or inductive lightning. All buildings, electrical equipment, lines, networks, etc. Part, metal sheath, lightning arrester and all water and gas pipelines should be connected to the lightning protection grounding device.
Grounding construction plan 1
1. Dig a 1.6m deep pit down at the selected location;
2. Insert a 2.2m long copper pole with a pointed shape at the lower end;
3. The spacing between adjacent grounding bodies (one) is 5m, and the distance between buildings is 1.5m;
4. Connect a flat copper 40×4mm connection between adjacent grounding bodies;
5. When entering the grounding body, it will stop at 2.0m;
6. Use 40×4mm flat copper to weld to the grounding body and connect to the busbar into the machine room;
Copper grounding material <br> <br> flat copper salt with an auxiliary ground electrode bus charcoal powder size 600 × 50mm40 × 4mmΦ20 amount 25mm2 × 100m or Φ50
This scheme generally measures the grounding resistance by about 1∽3Ω.
<br> <br> equipotential bonding at room anti-static floor, disposed along the upper surface 40 * 3 copper row, form a closed loop grounding bus busbar. Metal parts and systems (equipment of the equipment) that pass through the junction of each lightning protection zone, such as the metal casing of the distribution box, the power supply ground, the lightning arrester ground, the cabinet casing, the metal shielded trunking, the doors and windows, and the isolation frame under the anti-static floor Perform multi-point equipotential grounding to enter the busbar. A wire clamp fastened with a 4-10 mm2 copper core wire bolt of an equipotential bonding wire is used as a connecting material. At the same time, the main reinforcement of the building was found in the machine room. After testing, it was connected well with the lightning protection belt. The f14 galvanized round steel was connected to the grounding busbar through the copper-iron conversion joint.
Frequently Asked Questions about Shielded Wiring Systems: Is the use of shielding systems dangerous?
A: No. If a TN-S system is used, the system is as safe as an unshielded twisted pair system. Poor grounding or poor power distribution systems can affect a variety of copper cabling systems. If using a TNC or TN-C system. Current will appear on the PE(N) line. If it is a shielded system, current will appear at the shield and the reference potential. If an unshielded twisted pair system is used, current will appear at the reference potential. When a lightning strike occurs, the damage to the shielding system is much lower than that of the unshielded twisted pair system.
Q: I have a TN-C or TN-CS system. How do I use the cabling system?
A: First measure the current on the PE in the power distribution system. If the potential difference is higher than 1V, equipotential lines should be installed between the distribution points. A more efficient method is to change the power distribution system. In both cases, the PEN line causes many problems.
Q: Should the shield be connected at one end or the shield at both ends?
A: It should always be connected at both ends (ie, on the patch panel and network equipment, not on the socket) to effectively suppress all electromagnetic compatibility mechanisms and avoid antenna effects.
Q: Do you have to use metal partitions in the cable ducts of the shielding system?
A: It is only required when the pipe length is more than 35 meters. For unshielded twisted pair systems, metal partitions must always be used.
Q: Is it sufficient to use an FTP cable? Is it better to use a PiMF cable?
A: From the point of view of electromagnetic compatibility and performance, PiMF cable is the best solution.
Q: Does lightning strike also affect the unshielded twisted pair system?
A: Yes. Without any lightning protection system, the magnetic flux will be very strong, causing the pairs in the unshielded twisted pair cable to not suppress the signal. Compared to shielded systems, lightning near the structure causes a 10,000-fold higher probability of internal system failure. This is described in IEC62305-2/FDIS.
Q: Can an unshielded twisted pair system meet electromagnetic compatibility requirements?
A: It is possible. There is no standard for electromagnetic compatibility of wiring systems today. Therefore, from a system perspective, there are no restrictions that must be met. The EMC Directive only requires the owner to be responsible for not interfering with other systems and not being disturbed by other systems. Some tests have shown that unshielded twisted pair systems cannot meet the requirements of EN55022B. The standard is for residential and office environments.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system. Do I need a grounding system?
A: Yes. Grounding is for safety. All electrical equipment within the SELV must be grounded at voltages above 25VAC, 60VDC or voltage. Even for fiber optic installations, a well-designed, fully functional grounding system is a must.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system. Do I need an equipotential bonding system?
A: Yes. Equipotential bonding is for safety and all electrical installations must have equipotential bonding. In addition, it can improve electromagnetic compatibility. This applies to a variety of wiring systems.
Q: My system supplier provides an electromagnetic compatibility guarantee/compliance guarantee for my cabling system. Does this mean that I have fulfilled my responsibilities?
A: No. If the system is active, there is currently no clear meaning.
Q: My unshielded twisted pair system is wired and twisted for protection. Is this enough to effectively suppress interference?
A: No. Intertwisting reduces interference but does not effectively eliminate interference. Intertwisting does not inhibit electromagnetic radiance. This is more serious if the cable is stretched or flattened during installation. Because the geometry is no longer uniform.
Q: I have an unshielded twisted pair system and want to improve my electromagnetic compatibility. how should I do?
A: The most effective way is to incorporate cables and components into the shielding environment. This environment can be shielded cable ducts and channels. Shielded racks and patch panels provide some basic protection. Note: All components must be connected to the equipotential bonding system.
Q: I have a shielding system and want to use unshielded patch cords. is it possible?
A: The system can work like a shielded patch cord. However, since there is no complete connection to the ground (only connected on the wiring board), there is no electromagnetic interference suppression capability. Therefore, shielded patch cords should always be used.
Q: What is the difference between grounding and grounding?
A: There is no difference, just two words of the same object.
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